접적지역 내 지역예비군 운용방안 연구
A Study on the Management of Regional Reserve Forces in Contact Areas
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초록
현재 진행되는 전쟁과 변화하는 안보환경, 한국의 인구 감소는 우리 군에게 예비군의 효율적인 운용을 더 요구하고 있다. 후방과는 다른 환경을 가진 접적지역의 예비군 운용에 있어서도 마찬가지이다. 이에 본 연구는 작전환경 변화, 운용실태, 관련 법과 제도를 분석하여 향상방안을 제시하였다. 그 결과, 첫째, 접적지역 예비군부대의 표준화가 필요하며 둘째, 예비군 배치는 최소화하고 도서 지역은 맞춤형 계획 수립이 필요하다. 셋째, 접적지역 예비군에게 현역 수준의 보상과 신분 전환 규정을 마련하고, 잔류 인원 통제 방안을 구체화하는 등 법적･제도적 개선이 요구된다.
Abstract
The need for efficient reserve force operations has grown due to ongoing conflicts such as the Ukraine-Russia and Israel-Hamas wars, evolving security environments, and South Korea’s declining population. Although the military has sought to improve its reserve forces, it has yet to develop an effective operational plan for local reserve units in contact areas, where conditions differ significantly from rear areas. To address this gap, we reviewed previous research and analyzed changes in the operational environment, the status of operations, and relevant laws and systems. Our findings indicate three key points. First, standardizing reserve force companies is essential to adapt to shifting operational environments and clarify their missions. Second, in contact areas, inland operations should minimize deployment and utilize underground assembly and storage within buildings, while mobilization and initial operations for populated island areas require tailored planning. Third, these recommendations should be incorporated into legal and institutional frameworks, including clarifying status and affiliation — such as assignment to active-duty units — under the Military Service Act and Reserve Forces Act. Additional suggestions include converting non-standardized support personnel into loss replacement resources.