상비군 감축 시대 선진화된 예비전력 운용과 구축 방안

Abstract

The main purpose of article is to suggest how to operate the best reserve force and examine challenges to supplement standing armies. This is necessary as the reduction of troop resources in South Korea is inevitable due to a sharp decrease in the population. To this end, it explores the concept of reserve forces and its development, and then presents the current status and tasks of encouraging elite reserve forces focusing on 「Defense Reform 2.0」. Above all, considering the continuous reduction of standing forces, it is important to introduce a full-time military reserve system by supplementing the current peacetime reserve military system. Establishing and revising related laws and compensation should be a prerequisite to solving the problems of insufficient military officers needed in war and peacetime and to ensure combat capabilities. In addition, the appropriate level of reserve force training spending and military reinforcement are needed. Currently, the compensation for reserve forces training is inadequate, particularly when compared to the minimum wage. Reserve army training allowances equivalent to the minimum wage should be paid, and the government, the Ministry of National Defense, and local governments have to work together to promote policies for reserve army welfare. It is vital to modernize weapons systems suitable for standing forces to supplement the reduction of reserve forces, build training sites (such as actual battlefields using the 4th Industrial Revolution technology), and create security conditions necessary to build remote education systems against non-traditional security threats such as COVID-19. Ultimately, the government should seek ways to strengthen the connection between standing forces and reserve forces so that they can be deployed to the battlefield during wartime through the establishment of advanced elite reserve forces. In order to achieve this goal, supplementary mobilization units should be organized under the standing army and military exercises to perform wartime missions should be carried out in connection with the standing forces.