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자신 및 자녀에 대한 범죄두려움에 관한 연구

Personal and Parental Fear of Crime

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초록

국내·외 범죄두려움 문헌은 범죄피해·범죄취약성·무질서·사회통합 네 가지 모형으로 집약할 수 있다. 개별 검증설계의 일차원성을 극복하기 위한 Ferraro(1995)의 이론적 분석 틀의 최근 활용은 주목할 만하다. 그러나 이러한 노력들의 대다수가 자신에 관한 범죄두려움을 이해하기 위함이었으며, 주변인 중 특히 자녀에 관한 범죄두려움은 여전히 국내문헌에서 낯선 영역이다. 이러한 문헌의 공백을 채울 목적으로, 본 연구는 자신 및 자녀에 대한 범죄두려움에 영향을 미치는 변인 간 구조를 Ferraro가 제안한 분석모형 내에서 병렬적으로 탐색하려고 시도하였다. 2010년 전국범죄피해조사를 활용하여 분석한 결과, 전반적으로 해당 모형은 두 가지 범죄두려움을 유사한 형태로 설명하였으나, 양자의 본질적 차이를 입증하는 몇몇 발견들 역시 확인할 수 있었다. 구체적으로, 직접범죄피해와 성별은 자신의 범죄두려움에만 영향을 미쳤고, 미디어노출과 배우자동거는 자녀의 범죄두려움만을 예측하였다. 관련 논의는 한국적 맥락에서 이루어졌다.

Abstract

Fear of crime has been a major topic for constant discussion over the past several decades with the fundamental observations being created by Kenneth Ferraro. Although many previous studies of fear of crime provide multiple explanations on how people interpret their risk of criminal victimization, not enough attempts are made to establish a comprehensive theoretical model. The current research explores the predictive power of four theoretical models—victimization, vulnerability, disorder, and social integration. The analysis employed in the current study considers the simultaneous effects of individual and ecological factors on two different types of fear of crime through structural equation modeling techniques. Data are obtained from national crime victimization survey, which is collected in 2010 with 11,162 citizens in South Korea. Results suggest that Ferraro's model explain both outcomes in a similar way. A few factors are, however, found to explain more variation in fear for significant others. Victimization experience and survey participant's sex are found to have a significant impact on personal fear of crime while media exposure and the presence of a spouse are found to predict general fear of crime for their offspring. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.

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