안정복安鼎福의 「천학문답天學問答」에 대한 비평과 반서학적反西學的 인식의 확산— 손재損齋 남한조南漢朝의 「안순암천학혹문변의安順菴天學或問辨疑」

Abstract

This study is to review the academic pedigree and life histories of Nam Han-jo, a scholar from Yeongnam region, to research the process of formation of anti-Western learning awareness that he had, and to investigate the phases that the flow of criticizing Western learning was spread into Yeongnam region through him. Nam Han-jo originally studied under Lee Sang-jeong and succeeded to Yeongnam Yi School scholastic mantle. As he studied under Ahn Jeong-bok after his teacher died, he recognized the true nature of Western learning that was very problematic among Geungi Namin scholars and held critical position on it. While he was in charge of correction of 「Cheonhakmundab (天學問答)」 by his teacher’s recommendation, he left a book 「Ansunamcheonhakhokmunbyeonui(安順菴天學或問辨疑)」 that states his opinions and criticitisms. This book well shows Nam Han-jo’s anti-Western learning awareness. The tendency of criticizing Western learning done by 18th century Geungi Namin scholars affected Yeongnam region’s Namin with the medium of Nam Han-jo. Therefore, such scholars who had academic exchange with Nam Han-jo as Jeong Jong-ro, Jo Sul-do, HwangYong-han, Shin Che-in and Lee Dong-geub left their own books that contain anti-Western learning awareness. In addition, Ryu Geon-hyu, who was a pupil of Nam Han-jo, wrote 『Yihakjibbyeon (異學集辨)』. As shown above, Nam Han-jo played a great role in spreading anti- Western learning awareness throughout Yeongnam region in the late 18th century.