일본 사설철도의 경영 다각화와 수익성에 관한 연구

Abstract

This paper analyzes the changes and competitiveness of Japan’s private railways. In historical view, Japan’s railway has been doing a great role of the pushing ahead of the modernization from in the last of 19 centuries over 140 years. Actually, railway has made the means of mass transportation for establishing capitalism. Meanwhile, in Japan, it was adopted a ways of emerging from backwardness in the validation of modern nation. In other words, from opening Japan’s railway, it has made an attempts which drive the development of social system and alteration of consciousness toward modern society. One of the significant characteristics of contemporary Japanese Railway is that it s all privately operated. In case of trunk line, until 1987, it has managed by Japan Railway (JR) as a specialized company of government. Due to increasing deficit, however, it has changed into 6 private railway companies. In particular, private railway has been regularly developing from 1906 around the urban areas focusing on feeder line. This paper analyzes the changes and development facts on feeder line private railway companies in Japan. Japan’s private railway companies have been well managed as self-supporting accounting system without government subsidies. It reveals the high transportation density of passengers and diversified business results of subsidiary enterprise. For example, it covers of various items which are tourism, hotel, wholesale trade, tenant of building. Over 100years, it has been superb developing on ways of areal marketing based on diversified management. In conclusion, Japan’s private railway company has been recognized as one of the best model of railway development.