A study of Rail Reform of Japan - Focusing on privatization with the UK-
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Most countries have been adopting policies that aim to deal with the problems of road congestion, environmental problems and the decreasing volume of rail. One vitally important subject is the reform of railways. In actual, the reform of railways has been carried out in various ways and the most epoch-making policy has been the privatization of railways. In history, Japan made the first step when it carried out regional privatization, unifying the infrastructure and operation. It created 6 passenger enterprises and 1 freightenterprise. Some scholars insist that the accident, which occurred on 27th April 2005 at Hukujiyama in Japan, was also attributable to the emphasis on profitable management. Lately, Japanese policy has had a tendency to adopt the separation of infrastructure operations on some lines, whereas the UK policy has shifted to emphasize the greater role of government and infrastructure and operation tend to have a close relationship. This paper examines the process and outcomes of rail privatization of Japan, especially focusing on different methods of privatization. This paper may provide some lessons for future rail policies in Korea.
Abstract
Most countries have been adopting policies that aim to deal with the problems of road congestion, environmental problems and the decreasing volume of rail. One vitally important subject is the reform of railways. In actual, the reform of railways has been carried out in various ways and the most epoch-making policy has been the privatization of railways. In history, Japan made the first step when it carried out regional privatization, unifying the infrastructure and operation. It created 6 passenger enterprises and 1 freightenterprise. Some scholars insist that the accident, which occurred on 27th April 2005 at Hukujiyama in Japan, was also attributable to the emphasis on profitable management. Lately, Japanese policy has had a tendency to adopt the separation of infrastructure operations on some lines, whereas the UK policy has shifted to emphasize the greater role of government and infrastructure and operation tend to have a close relationship. This paper examines the process and outcomes of rail privatization of Japan, especially focusing on different methods of privatization. This paper may provide some lessons for future rail policies in Korea.
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