박정희 정부의 경제정책 수행에 있어 경제조직의 역할

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to find out the roles of economic organizations which are the incarnation of Park Jung-Hee’s economic willing for success in the execution of economic policy of the Park Jung-Hee government. In the early 1960s, the Korean economy remained locked in ‘a vicious circle of poverty’. In order to escape from this absolut poverty trap, the Park Jung-Hee government executed an Five-Year Economic Development Plan. And for the sake of establishing self-supporting economy, economic growth strategy based on export-oriented industrialization was choosed. In 1970s, in spite of oil shock and successive protected trade tendency, Korean economy growed with over 10% owing to the promotion of heavy and chemical industries. The share of heavy and chemical products in exports expanded from 13% in 1970 to 39% in 1979. These outstanding economic performances were probably the results of Park Jung-Hee’s economic willingness for success which was projected his economic organizations. The roles of economic organizations in the economic development plan of Park Jung-Hee government were as follows. First, the growth rate of Korean economy in 1960~1970 was over 9% and the korean economy was evaluated as very excellent in growth aspect. Second, industrial structure was improved with especially developing heavy and chemical industries. Third, because of the unbalanced growth strategy which encouraged manufacturing industries and exporting industries in 1960~1970, the agricultural sector was underdeveloped and income distribution structure was deteriorated. Fourth, export was the engine of growth in Korean economy. Lastly the achievment of self-supporting economy, the common goal of Park Jung-Hee government, was not realized completely but improved gradually.