스토킹 살인의 잠재계층분석 : 헤어진 친밀한 파트너 관계를 중심으로
Latent Class Analysis of Stalking Homicide: Focusing on broken intimate partnerships
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초록
본 연구의 목적은 다양한 스토킹행위를 명목화시켜 스토커들의 유형을 파악하고 명목화된 패턴을 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 2017년부터 2019년까지 친밀한 파트너를 살해하여 유죄판결을 받은 1심 형사판결문 자료를 336건을 수집하였다. 이 중 선행연구에서 나타난 스토킹행위가 살인의 전조로 판결문에 명시되어 있는 177건을 재분류한 후 잠재계층분석(LCA)을 통해 유형화하고 그 특성을 분석하였다. 분석 결과 최종적으로 3개의 Class가 통계적으로 적합한 것으로 확인되었다. Class 1은 피해자의 삶을 파괴하는 ‘파괴적 스토킹 유형’, Class 2는 피해자의 일상을 구속하는 ‘속박적 스토킹 유형’, Class 3은 집착 및 협박과 같은 전형적인 패턴을 보이는 ‘소유적 스토킹 유형’으로 명명하였다. 각 유형에 따른 중요 차이로는 피해자의 연령의 경우 파괴적 스토킹, 속박적 스토킹, 소유적 스토킹 순으로 연령이 증가하였고, 범행의 계획성은 소유적 스토킹에 비해 파괴적, 속박적 스토킹이 계획적인 범죄로 판결되는 경향이 있었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 시사점과 의의에 대해 제언하였다.
Abstract
This study aims at identifying the types of stalkers by nominalizing various stalking behaviors and verifying its nominalized patterns. For this purpose, from 2017 to December 2019, 336 data on first-instance judgments convicted of killing an intimate partner were collected. Among them, after reclassifying 177 cases shown in previous studies, in which the stalking is specified in the judgment as a precursor to homicide, categorized and analyzed their characteristics through Latent Class Analysis (LCA). As a result of the analysis, it was finally confirmed that the three classes were statistically appropriate; accordingly, Class 1 was named ‘destructive stalking type’ that destroys the victim’s life, Class 2 was named ‘bondage stalking type’ that restrains the victim’s daily life, and Class 3 is a ‘possessive stalking type’ that exhibits typical patterns such as obsession and intimidation. The significant differences according to each type were as follows: in the case of victim's age, age increased in the order of destructive stalking, bondage stalking, and possessive stalking; in the case of the intention of crime plan, it tends to be judged as a deliberate crime in the destructive and bondage stalking compared to the possessive stalking. Based on these results, implications and significance were suggested.
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