한국근대기 박은식의 교육문명 전환의 철학과 실천

Abstract

This article started from the interest in the traces of philosophical search for the preparation of the transition of educational civilization in the huge transformation period when the axis of Korean history moves from Confucian paradigm to modern paradigm. Park Eun-sik, as the best example found on the basis of this interest, created a philosophical framework of the transition of educational civilization in the modern Korean period in a very good form. He was responsible for his life to build a philosophical system necessary to prepare and lead the transition of civilization, and he tried to solve it especially in the education field. This is also confirmed by the fact that the proportion of education in his activities and writings throughout his life is overwhelming. His education theory reached the stage of establishing a new educational philosophical paradigm necessary for the new era, beyond the level of discussing the policy of educational practice in the enlightenment movement or independence movement or religious movement. Based on connecting and harmonization of the East and the West, nationalism and cosmopolitanism, intelligence and virtue, academic and practicality, his philosophy of education discussed the concept of education, the role of school, the principle of curriculum for harmonious cultivation of virtue-intelligence-health, the innovation of people’s minds and lives. In particular, he chose the way to keep an eye on the universal values in Confucianism, not to deny Confucianism while consciously breaking away the Confucian paradigm, and to extract and utilize the Confucian values with those of other thoughts of the East and the West. He has conceived his educational thoughts and system of a new era while comprehensively considering traditional ideas such as Confucianism, Buddhism, Sin-gyo, Seon-gyo and other Western ideas including of Christianity, evolution theory and the successful models of the Western countries. The case of Park Eun-sik shows that the modern times in the history of Korean educational thought is not a blank period but a period when the philosophical framework required for the transition of education civilization is established consciously and systematically.