경찰성과 측정의 이론적 논의와 과제
Theoretical perspectives in police performance measurement and key tasks ahead
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본 연구에서는 경찰성과의 측정에 대한 이론적 논의를 통해 경찰 성과측정 및 성과제도의 주요과제를 검토하였다. 연구결과 도출을 위하여 경찰성과에 대한 국내외 문헌과 정책자료, 실무자료를 수집하여 분석하였으며, 경찰의 성과측정에서 나타날 수 있는 주요 문제점들과 이슈들을 도출하였다. 향후 과제로써 성과측정의 대안과 관리적 노력에 대해서 다룸으로써 경찰성과관리에 있어서 필요한 정책적, 실무적 시사점과 그것의 지향점을 제시하고자 하였다. 요컨대 경찰활동의 성과측정에 있어서는 다양한 규범적, 관리적 관점들을 고려해야 하며, 규범적 지침으로서 민주성과 책임성 가치를 지향하고 경찰고객과 이해관계자들의 요구에 적극적으로 대응할 수 있어야 한다. 또한 경찰활동의 효용적 가치로서 능률성과 생산성을 반영하며, 조직의 관리기술적 측면에서 성과지표의 가측성과 경찰목표의 조화가 필요함을 제시하였다. 그리고 이와 같은 일련의 논의들은 본질적으로 경찰은 무엇을 해야 하고 누구를 위해서 존재해야 하는지에 대한 요청으로써 경찰활동의 당위성을 확보하고 민주적 경찰활동을 펼치기 위한 전제가 되는 중요한 이슈임을 강조하였다. 연구결과를 바탕으로 현대적 경찰활동에서 성과측정의 주요과제로써 성과목적에 있어서 민주적 가치의 반영과 구현, 범죄통제의 능률성과 생산성 지표의 대안제시, 성과지표의 관리가능성과 본질적 경찰목표 간의 조화를 제시하였다.
Abstract
The result-oriented performance management system is widely adopted in the public sector including police organization. Historically, performance management system in police has shown its usefulness as a good policy tool, and also limitations as Korean-Compstat case showed. This study discuss theoretical perspectives in police performance management measurement. Democratic, managerial, tactical issues are addressed regarding the performance management system and performance indicators based on a literature review of previous academic works, policy reports and government documents. This study also attempts to suggest desirable goals and preconditions that police performance should achieve and pursue. This paper suggest that police performance indicators should reflect normative and managerial perspectives. In terms of the normative perspective, performance indicators should respond to democratic demands of police clients and stakeholders. Police indicators also should reflect efficiency and productivity of police activity in order to measure effectiveness and usefulness of policing. Moreover, the balance between measurability for the managerial purpose and ultimate goals of police should be maintained. All these managerial efforts can serve to advance legitimacy and democracy of modern policing. Based on our arguments, this paper suggests key tasks ahead; the democratic perspective in police performance indicators, alternatives to efficiency and productivity indicators for the crime control, and the balance between aspects of manageable indicators and the ultimate goal of policing.
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