본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

취약국가 모델과 북한에 대한 개발협력 연구

A Study on Fragile States Model and Development Assistance for North Korea

이조원
북한연구학회 (The Korean Association Of North Korean Studies)|2008.12|북한연구학회보 (NORTH KOREAN STUDIES REVIEW)|제12권 제2호|pp. 289-320

0

조회

0

다운로드

6

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

ODA개발협력Development CooperationWorld BankOECD/DAC세계은행OECD DAC취약국가fragile states
주제분류정치외교학

초록

취약국가(fragile states)란 용어는 2001년 9.11 테러사건을 기점으로 주목을 받기 시작한 것이다. 미국중심의 기존 국제질서에 새로운 과제와 파문을 일으켰던 9.11 테러사건은 이후 테러리즘의 온상으로서의 취약국가를 어떻게 포위하고 다룰 것인가하는 문제를 국가안보 내지 국제안보문제 차원에서 취급하게 하였으며, 이 문제는 비핵확산문제, 군비통제문제, 테러리즘 근절문제 등과 결부되고 내적으로는 군사적 개입문제와 인도주의적 문제 등이 복잡하게 연계되게 하였다. 이런 점에서 9. 11 테러사건은 기존 국제경제론에서 주로 광범위하게 사용되던 최빈개도국(Least Developed Countries)의 카테고리를 좀 더 국제정치론 쪽으로 경도된 취약국가론의 카테고리로 이동시키게 했으며, 이제 취약국가론은 21세기 새로운 국제질서와 안보환경을 아우르는 핵심적 주제로 부각되었다고 해도 과언이 아니다. 본 논문은 우선 국제개발기구 등에서 통용되는 ‘취약국가’의 모델을 분석하여 북한을 국제개발협력적 차원의 수원국으로서의 지위를 타진해본다. 대체로 국제사회에서 통용되는 개발협력적 모델은 UN, OECD/ DAC, 세계은행 등의 모형을 기준으로 하고 있으나, 이들은 북한 등과 같이 개발협력의 능력은 있으나, 여러 가지 이유에서 의지가 미흡한 국가들을 포괄하는 모델로서는 취약하였다. 이런 점에서 본 논문은 이들을 포괄할 수 있는 새로운 모형을 제시하였으며, 향후 북한이 국제개발협력적 수원국으로서의 지위를 얻기위한 방안과 관련하여 남북협력기금의 ODA 규범 준용과 함께 새로운 한국형 ODA의 모형을 제안하고 있다.

Abstract

The term of fragile states have been lighted from the 9. 11 terror in 2001. It made it change that USA centric perspectives and the importance of fragile states as the harmful and dangerous factors in international security. In that sense 9.11 terror in 2001 made it use fragile states instead of the term of Least Developed Countries as common in international economy. Nowadays international official development assistance institutions, for instances World Bank Groups, OECD/DAC, UN, Asian Development Bank etc. want to give some benefits to recipient states as grant or concessional fund for development assistance. But various reasons hindered boons for their development. For North Korea, the main reason in accessing for those grant funds is the difficulties of standards in providing. In that sense some other regulations and model for difficult partners. In this thesis, some different model comparing with World Bank or OECD/DAC model submitted. It concentrated some difficult partnership states as we saw in North Korea, Mianma and Zimbabwe. This model can make it possible to give ODA funds to difficult partnership states by the tool of ODA. This thesis recommends that for North Korea as difficult partnership states never quit to channel for development aids according to OECD/DAC tips. That can help North Korea slide into deadlock and system breakdown and eventually dangerous sector in international security. And this thesis also recommends a new paradigm for Korean way to ODA.

참고문헌 (52)

  1. Haas, Richard N., "“Sovereignty: Existing Rights, Evolving Responsibilities”(Washington, DC: Department of State, 2003) Available at: <http:", >, 2003[DOI]
  2. Hamilton, Bob, "Efficiency and Distributional Implications of Global Restrictions on Labor Mobility: Calculations and Policy Implications", Journal of Development Economics, 14(1-2) (1984)
  3. Helman, Gerald B., "Saving Failed State", Foreign Policy, 89
  4. Hentz, James J, "State Collapse and Regional Contagion in Sub-Saharan Africa Lessons for Zimbabwe", Scientia Militaria, 32(1) (2004)
  5. Herbst, Jeffrey, "Responding to state Failure in Africa", International Security, 21(3) (1996)
  6. Horowitz, Donald, "Ethnic Groups in Conflict" (1985), University of California Press
  7. Kaplan, Seth D., "Fixing Fragile States (Fraeger Security International, 2008)", ~ (2008)
  8. Klotzel, Kurt, "“International Strategies in Fragile States: Expanding the Toolbox?” CAP Policy Analysis 1 (Munich: Centre for Applied Policy Research, 2006) Available at: <http:", >, 2006[DOI]
  9. Krasner, Stephen D., "Compromising Westphalia", International Security, 20(3) (1995)
  10. Krasner, Stephen D., "Sharing Sovereignty: New Institutions for Collapsed and Failing States", International Security, 29(2) (2004)
  11. Leader, Nicholas, "“Aid Instrument in Fragile States”, PRDE Working Paper 5 (Jan. 2005)", ~ (2005)
  12. OECD, "Poverty Reduction", pp.2001, DAC
  13. OECD, "DAC", “Poor Performers: Basic Approaches for Supporting Development in
  14. Difficult Partnerships, "DCD", DAC (2001)26, 2001
  15. Difficult Partnerships, "“Development Cooperation in Difficult Partnerships”, DCD", DAC(2002), 2002
  16. Difficult Partnerships, "Harmonizing Doner Practices for Effective Aid Delivery" (2003), OECD
  17. Difficult Partnerships, "Accelerating Pro-Poor Growth through Support for Private Sector Development: An Analytical Framework" (2004), OECD
  18. Difficult Partnerships, "“Principles for Good International Engagement in Fragile States and Situations” (April 2007). Available at: <http:", fragilestates>, 2007[DOI]
  19. Difficult Partnerships, "Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness: Ownership, Harmonization,Alignment, Results and Mutual Accountability" (2005), OECD
  20. Difficult Partnerships, "“Working for Development in Difficult Partnerships”, DCD", DAC(2002), 2002
  21. Patrick, Stewart, "Weak States and Global Threats: Fack or Fiction?", Washington Quarterly, 29(2) (2006)
  22. Picciotto,Robert, "Development Cooperation and Performance Evaluation: The Monterrey Challenge" (2002), World Bank
  23. Radelet, Steven, "Challenging Foreign Aid: A policy maker’s Guide to the Millenium Challenge Account" (2002), Center for Global Development
  24. Radelet, Steven, "“Aid Effectiveness and the Millennium Development Goals”,Center for Global Development Working Paper No. 39 (April 2004)", ~ (2004)
  25. Rajan, Raghuram G, "“What Undermines Aid’s Impact on Growth?” IMF Working Paper WP", 05, pp.www.imf.org, >
  26. Rotberg, Robert I., "The New Nature of Nation-State Failure", Washington Quarterly, 25(3) (2002)
  27. Rotberg, "Failed States, Collapsed States, Weak States: Causes and Indicators" (2003), Bookings Institution Press
  28. Sachs, Jeffrey D., "“The Strategic Significance of Global Inequality.” ECSP Report 9 (Washington DC: Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Environmental Change and Security Program, 2004) Availableat: <http:", >, 2004[DOI]
  29. Saikal, Amin, "The Dimensions of State Disruption" (2002), United Nations University Press
  30. Sekhri, Neelam, "“From Funding to Action: Strengthening Healthcare Systems in Sub-Saharan Africa.” World Economic Forum White Paper (Geneva: Center for Public-Private Partnership, Global health Initiative, World Economic Forum, 2002) Available at: <http:", >, 2002[DOI]
  31. Singh, Nirvikar, "Cultural Conflict in India: Punjab and Kashmir" (1999), University of California Press
  32. Sorensen, Georg, "A State Is Not a State: Types of Statehood and Patterns of Conflict after the Cold War" (1999), United Nations University Press
  33. Spanger, Hans-Joachim, "“The Ambiguous Lessons of State Failure”, Paper presented at the Purdue University Conference on Failed States, Florence,Italy, (2001 April)", ~ (2001)
  34. Stedman, Stephen, "Conflict and Conciliation in Sub-Saharan Africa" (1998), MIT Press
  35. Takeyh, Ray, "Do Terrorist Networks Need a Home?", Washington Quarterly, 25(3) (2002)
  36. Torres, Magui Moreno, "“Fragile States: Defining Difficult Environments for Poverty Reduction”, Poverty Reduction in Difficult Environments Working Paper 1 (London: Department for International Development, 2002) Available at: <http:", >, 2002[DOI]
  37. United Kingdom, "Department for International Development, “Why We Need to Work More Effectively in Fragile States.” (London: DFID, 2005) Availableat: <http:", >, 2005[DOI]
  38. UN, "Report of the International Conference on Finacing for Development(Monterrey, Mexico, 18-22 March 2002)", ~ (2002)
  39. USAID (United State Agency for International Development), "Fragile States Indicators: A Supplement to the Country Analytical Template" (2006), USAID
  40. USAID (United State Agency for International Development), "Fragile State Strategy" (2005), USAID
  41. USAID (United State Agency for International Development), "U.S. Foreign Aid: Meeting the Challenges of the Twenty-first Century" (2004), USAID
  42. Valaskakis, Kimon, "“From ‘Westphaila’ to ‘Seattle’: Long-Term Trends in Global Governance.” Paper presented at the OECD Forum on 21st Century Governance, Expo 2000 (Hanover, Germany, March 2000)", ~ (2000)
  43. Wise William M., "“American Perspectives on the Threat Posed by Weak and Failing Asian States”, Paper presented at the U.S.-China Conference on Areas of Instability and Emerging Threats (Beijing, February 2004)Available at: <http:", >[DOI]
  44. World bank, "World Development Report, 2006: Equity and Development Overview(Washington, DC: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development", World Bank, 2006) Available at: <http:, siteresources.worldbank.org>, 2006[DOI]
  45. World bank, "Fragile States: The LICUS Initiative" (2005), World Bank
  46. World bank, "Low-Income Countries Under Stress: Update"
  47. World Bank, "Available at: <http:", >, 2005[DOI]
  48. World bank, "The World Bank Group (2006) available at: <www.worldbank.org", ieg, pp.2006, ~
  49. World bank, "Composite Governance Indicator" (2005), World Bank
  50. World Bank IEG, "Engaging with Fragile States: An IEG Review of World Bank Support to Low Income Countries Under Stress" (2006), World Bank
  51. World Bank IEG, "“2006 Annual Report on Operations Evaluation”, Available at<http:", ~
  52. Zartman, I. William, "Introduction: Posing the Problem of State Collapse" (1995), Lynne Rienner

관련 논문AI추천

새로운 受援國(recepient states) 모델과 북한이조원인문사회과학연구소 · 인문사회과학연구2009 · 제1권 제22호Fragile States and Korea’s Official Development Assistance(ODA)김면회, 이효경한국세계지역학회 · 세계지역연구논총2009 · 제27권 제2호북한의 원조 수원 거버넌스 변화 연구문경연, 홍지영한국NGO학회 · NGO연구2021 · 제16권 제1호북한개발협력을 위한 이론적 소고: 국제사회론을 중심으로김태균세종연구소 · 국가전략2017 · 제23권 제2호취약국 및 분쟁지역 원조의 양태와 의미김지영, 이지선사회과학연구소 · 사회과학연구2018 · 제44권 제2호국제사회의 대북한 공적개발원조에 대한 탐색적 분석박건우, 이윤아, 정헌주국가안보전략연구원 · 국가안보와 전략2015 · 제15권 제1호

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (11건)

대북지원 보건의료협력의 현안과 과제: 지난 10년의 성과 및 향후 개선방안을 중심으로강동완pp. 1-31북한 국방위원회의 지위와 역할 분석고재홍pp. 33-63노무현 행정부의 위기관리체계:인간안보와 재난관리의 접목 가능성김갑식pp. 65-86북한의 평화적 현대화 유도전략: 한국의 전략과 다자 협력방안김연수pp. 87-124북한과 UNDP‧UNIDO와의 과학기술 교류‧협력: 북한의 입장과 이해관계를 중심으로유호열pp. 125-156
원문 보기