9주간의 댄스스포츠 트레이닝이 여성 노인의 낙상관련 변인에 미치는 영향
Effects of 9 Weeks of Dance Sports Training on Variables Related to Falling Injury in the Elderly Women
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댄스스포츠 트레이닝은 잦은 중심 이동과 다양한 스텝 및 방향 전환 등으로 구성된 동작을 통하여 하지 근지구력 과 평형성의 향상에 도움을 주어, 궁극적으로 낙상의 예방에 기여할 것으로 기대되지만, 댄스스포츠가 낙상 관련 변인에 미치는 영향을 규명한 연구는 매우 미흡한 실정이다. 이에 이 연구에서는 9주간의 댄스스포츠 트레이닝 프로그램이 일상생활체력, 동적 균형능력, 그리고 등속성 근기능 등 낙상 관련 변인에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 하였다. 댄스스포츠 트레이닝 집단(18명; 9주, 주 3회, 40분 트레이닝)과 통제 집단(13명)으로 구성하였으며, 처치 전과 후에 종속변인을 측정하여 집단 간, 그리고 검사 간에 비교하였다. 그 결과, 댄스스포츠 트레이닝 집단의 앉아윗몸앞으로굽히기, 눈감고외발서기, 그리고 2.44m 반환점 돌아오기 기록이 유의하게 향상되었다. 통제 집단에 서는 2.44m 반환점 돌아오기 기록이 유의하게 저하된 반면, 댄스스포츠 트레이닝 집단에서는 유의한 변화가 나타나지 않았다. 동적 균형능력의 경우 댄스스포츠 트레이닝 집단의 이동 중 오른발 서기 X축(좌우 흔들림), Y축(전후 흔들림), Sum(두 축의 합계), 그리고 이동 중 왼발 서기 Y축과 Sum에서 유의한 향상이 나타났다. 통제 집단의 오른쪽과 왼쪽 무릎 굴근(90°/sec과 240°/sec)의 최대 힘효율, 체중당 최대 힘효율, 총일량, 그리고 체중당 총일량이 유의하게 감소된 반면, 댄스스포츠 트레이닝 집단은 유의하게 향상되거나(오른쪽 굴근 90°/sec과 240°/sec), 증가 또는 유지되는 경향을 보였다. 이상에서 기술한 결과를 종합해 보면, 댄스스포츠 트레이닝 프로그램 은 여성 노인의 낙상 관련 변인의 향상에 긍정적으로 기여한 것으로 결론지을 수 있다. 이는 댄스스포츠의 특성상 다양한 방향으로의 중심 이동, 잦은 시선의 전환, 그리고 빠른 스텝과 어우러진 상․하지의 신전에 기인한 것으로 판단되며, 특히 댄스스포츠는 전방 동요를 조절하는 대퇴이두근에 해당하는 무릎 굴근력 유지에 도움이 되었다. 이에 댄스스포츠는 골격근 감퇴를 경험하는 노인들의 근력 감소를 지연하는데 적합한 운동으로 판단된다.
Abstract
The study was designed to investigate the effects of 9 weeks of dance sports training program on daily living fitness, dynamic balance ability, and isokinetic function of lower extremities in elderly women. Thirty-one healthy elderly women volunteered to participated in the study as subjects and were randomly assigned to either dance sports training group(TR: n=18) or control group(CON: n=13). The subjects in TR participated in dance sports training program which was consisted of 40 minutes per session and three times per week for 9 weeks, whereas the subjects in CON were asked to maintain their normal lifestyle for the same intervention period. The variables regarding daily living fitness, dynamic balance ability, and isokinetic function were measured before and after each intervention in two groups. Data obtained in the study were analyzed utilizing two-way ANOVA with repeated measures. Main results were as follows: 1) Sit-and-reach, one leg standing with eyes closed, and tandem test improved significantly in TR, whereas up & go test were deteriorated significantly in CON. No significant changes were found in other variable related to daily living fitness. 2) Regarding dynamic balance, significant improvement was shown in right one leg stand during movement (X axis, Y axis, and sum) and left one leg stand during movement (Y axis and sum) in TR. 3) Peak torque, peak torque per body weight, total work, and total work per body weight during knee flexion performed at both 90°/sec and 240°/sec decreased significantly in CON, whereas significant improvement during right knee flexion performed at 90°/sec and 240°/sec or a trend of improvement or maintenance was shown in TR. It was concluded that dance sports had positive effects on flexibility, balance, agility, dynamic balance ability, and knee flexion strength in elderly women, suggesting that the dance sports training would be very effective to prevent falling injury in the elderly population.
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