전라남도 해안지방 별신제와 군고의 상관성 고찰

Abstract

At present, about 20 villages in Jeollanam-do Province have been performing Byeolsin-Je. These villages are concentrated on coast of Jangheung-gun and nothern Goheung Peninsula. That places, so called Byeolsin-Je cultural area, parallel Gun-go cultural area. Though these villages are within Gun-go area,they have some special characteristics. These villages are "Ban-Chon" where one family lives together for a long time so that they have formed a village. And subjects of transmission call themselves 'descendants of Confucius and Mencius.' Although these villages locate on the coast, they are obviously conscious about the culture of the mainland of Korea and live on agriculture. They accepted rituals of Confucianism which correspond to a congratulatory ceremony of "Kukcho-Oryeoi". At the same time, they created construct and ritual of Byeolsin-Je by adapting Goon-Go which is the culture of Kut. Therefore Byeolsin-Je played in these villages has ambivalent characteristics about Confucianism and Kut. This thesis surveyed about rituals of Byeolsinje in 5 villages. In these villages, the rituals of Byeolsin-Je combine the rituals of Confucianism with ceremonies of Goon-Go to find cross point for creating homogeneity. They actively try to overcome differences in ideology, perception and subject’s social class of each rituals. The cross point is an encounter between Samyang and Samsin. They bravely establish ‘the Hogye village – Goon-Go area – Honam’ as the center of the nation. And they serve ‘Japgwi-Japsin’ as a central god to converse recognition about ‘worker – Sangmin•Chonmin – Goon-Go-Kkun’ to treat them equally in community. They independently endeavor to criticize Sinocentrism by adopting the concept of 28 constellations based on 3-polar-stars and positioning Obangsin at main divinity. 3-polar-stars and Obangsin are the original astronomical concept and religious belief of Goguryeo. Their consciousness about Confucianism and the society of Korea are manifested by respecting the god of land and ‘Japgwi-Japsin’ as Byeolsin. Therefore the rituals of Byeolsin-Je in these provinces are very unique and distinctive. Only self-alteration of Confucianist could make it. The thought and perspective of Silhak scholar Jonjae Wi Baekgyui from Bangchon-ri which have been passed down nowaday would provide some clues to investigate the reality of Byeolsin-Je.