동서양의 문화 번역론 비교 연구 - 루쉰(魯迅)과 베르만(A. Berman), 베르만과 루쉰

Abstract

Translation has been considered as one of the most natural and effective ways of cultural exchange for a long time. Served as the best tool and even evidence of not only identifying each nation's "language-culture" but also helping understand the idea of "language-culture" of other countries in the eyes of each own nation, translation has been the subject of wide-ranging study of both eastern and western countries, requiring comprehensive research for various discourse about cultural translation. There has been growing movement in the study of discourse in different fields and different nations. When it comes to the methodology, value, and ethics of translation, Lu Xun and Berman have many things in common in their claims. In particular, they created sensation when they insisted on seeing other unfamiliar culture with full respect as it is in the aspect of methodology. On Lu Xun's part, during the era of the modernization in China, he concerned over the domestication and Chinazation in translation, standing firmly by the method of translation called 'the hard translation' which was he strongly believed the only way to reform the old Chinese and change it into modern language by accepting new sentence structure and new words which had not existed in the old frame of Chinese grammar structure. Lu Xun's hard translation didn't mean the literal translation with the word for word method, but the fidelity to original texts with 'exotic nuance.' While Berman criticized acrimoniously 'ethnocentric translation,' 'hypertext translation' and 'platonic translation.' Instead, he suggested 'ethical translation,' 'poetic translation' and 'thinking translation,' which had sent shock waves to the French academic circles in the 1980s. Berman presented the method of translation called 'Translation-Of-The-Letters' in order to conduct the three types of translation he had asserted mentioned above, which is the method that respects text for 'its original value' in translating it, never meaning 'the literal translation' just like Lu Xun's hard translation. Although Lu Xun and Berman lived in the different cultural areas, their study in terms of the methodology sounds very similar. That is because they both thought translation can be used as a way to respect others' cultures and, in turns, trigger the development of their own culture.