外側への移動を表す「出す」と「내다」の意味分析 ー認知言語学の意味拡張の観点からー

Abstract

This study is a comparison of Japanese basic verb “dasu” and corresponding Korean verb “naeda” both which means a movement outward, and analyzes each verb’s meaning structure in relation to cognitive linguistics. “The purpose of this study is to suggest multiple meanings of each verbs clearly so that for learners who are non-native Japanese speakers to lessen improper uses of such verbs which are “dasu” verbs representing movement outward, compared with Korean verb “naeda (내다).” For non-native Japanese learners, it is easy to acquire the basic meaning of each verb, but it is rather hard to learn the expanded meanings of each. By analyzing the verbs’ meaning structure and correspondence, the preferable outcome is to lessen the misuse of each verb by clearly stating its polysemantic meanings. First of all, “dasu” and “naeda” start from the same prototype, to “move something outward.” When the subject matter moving outward expands to something more abstract, the meaning of the two verbs also expand based on social and cultural experiences using metaphor and metonymy. Dasu” and “naeda” share large similarities, but when the meaning expands, there is less correspondence between the verbs such as “mizu o dasu / te o dasu” and“ paeda / daeda” or “zikan o naeda ” and “koshiraeru.”