日本語の「聞く」と韓国語の「듣다」の意味拡張の様相

Abstract

This is intended to condider meanings and meaning expansion of Japanes “聞く” and Korean “듣다” which are relevant to hearing and also analyzes each polysemy structure. And this paper is based on a perspective of congnitive linguistic which is related to congnitive ability in language use.It seems that there is meaning expansion by figures of speech that are concerned with a various of congnitive ability performed,especially on the meaning expansion of polysemous word. Therefore, with this perspective, I considered what kind of meaning expansion can be seen on Japanese and Korean. First, in this paper, I arranged other meanings of Japanese “聞く” and Korean “듣다” as polysemous word respectively, considered the meaning expansion of them each carefully and displayed the results in a diagram form. According to this diagram, both Japanese “聞く” and Korean “듣다” become the center of meaning expansion which is based on metonymy from the basic meaning in the first place. And, from the other expanded meanings which are based on the metonymy, we see that there is the another meaning expansion which is based on metonymy or metaphor performed. After all this consideration, we find that Japanese “聞く“ is far more vigorous meaning expansion than Korean “듣다”. In other words, Japanese “聞く” is used with the meaning expanded in far more meanings. This paper shows us that  one word with meaning expanded vigorously is used in a far more wide range in Japanese than in Korean. However, it can not be said that this is a feature of Korean or Japanese on recent phase. At least, through this study, I learned that Japanese “聞く” has far more vigorous meaning expansion and is used in a much more wide range than Korean “듣다”.