外側への移動を表す「抜く」と「빼다」「뽑다」の意味分析 - 認知言語学の意味拡張の観点から -

Abstract

This study is a comparison of Japanese basic verb 「Nuku」 and corresponding Korean verb 「빼다」 「뽑다」 wihich means a movement outward, and analyzes each verb’s meaning structure in relation to cognitive linguistics. Cognitive linguistics explains that polysemies usually expand their meaning area from prototype under various social and cultural influences. Looking at the comparison between each verb, 「nuku」 and 「빼다」 correspond in the meaning of mere movement of the subject, and even expands the range to mean “to steal,” “to omit,” and “to eliminate.” Also the meaning “to pull out something from an evenly displayed container” and “to pull something that is stuck in a container with a will” is what the two verbs have in common. Abstract examples only show similarities in the expression “chikara o nuku” and “힘을 빼다.” Korean Meaning 2 “전세금을 빼다” does not correspond with 「Nuku」. “본전을 뽑다” and “점수를 뽑다” are examples with numerical characteristics. To summarize, 「Nuku」 「빼다」 and 「뽑다」 are similar in the boundary of Meaning 1. In cognitive semantics, the prototype 「Nuku」 radiately broadens its meaning in relationship with metaphor, metonymy, and synecdoche. Prototype 「빼다」 and 「뽑다」 also develop new meaning from the comparisons of metaphor and metonymy. This study attempts to analyze semantic diversity of 「nuku」, ‘to pull outside’, in cognitive linguistics perspective and examine its semantic relations with Korean correspondences, 「빼다」 and 「뽑다」. 「Nuku」 expands its meaning by extending objects and starting points of ‘moving’ from concrete to abstract level, and more often corresponds to 「빼다」 than 「뽑다」 in Korean verbs. This study could provide valuable tips for non-native Japanese learners and non-native Korean learners in reducing improper choices of Korean and Japanese verbs.