「たつ」の意味分析と意味拡張の様相 -認知意味論の観点から-

Abstract

This study focuses on Japanese polysemous verb “tatsu”. With various examples including idioms collected, the meaning of “tatsu” and the expansion of meaning is analyzed in terms of cognitive semantics. The meaning of “tatsu” is based on uni-directionality in script and metaphorical mapping. The prototypical meaning　(vertical state) has expanded to “upright and vertical state” and “rising motion (change of posture),” “initiation of movement,” “appearance and work,” and etc. “Upright and vertical state” shows existence in a high (upper) position and in a specific position (upper or confrontation), “rising motion” shows on-goingness, “initiation of movement” shows the initiation of movement, time, and behavior, and “appearance and work” shows the demonstration of function as expansions of meaning. Consequently, the relation between plurality is analyzed through investigating plural meanings found in example sentences of “tatsu”. The polysemous feature of “tatsu” is centered around the network of basic definition, and the expansion of meaning is shown using tables and pictures.