方向性を表す補助動詞の日韓対照研究から見る学習者の問題点 ―「～てくる」「～てくれる」と「-어 오다」「-어 주다」を対象として―

Abstract

It is often thought that the reason for Japanese learners' misuse according to the omission of 「-te kuru」 and 「-te kureru」 is not the matter of benefit, but the directionality of verbs. In this context, this study analyzes the semantic function of “-te kuru”/“-te kureru” and “-eo oda”/“-eo juda” from the viewpoint of verbal directionality. A survey was conducted targeting native Japanese speakers, native Korean speakers, and Korean learners of Japanese, in order to clarify similarities and differences between the two languages. In the analysis, the Japanese verbs are classified into 6 types - subject movement verbs 1, 2, and 3, and object movement verbs 1, 2, and 3 - according to the type of movement, and the necessity of 「-te kuru」 and 「-te kureru」 is verified. In addition, similarities and differences in comparison with the Korean equivalents “-eo oda” and “-eo juda” are also explored. The result of the survey conducted under the comparative study shows that the Japanese language has a high frequency of 「-te kuru」 or 「-te kureru」, except in subject movement verb 3, and it is necessary to use these expressions. The result is as expected. In the case of the Korean language, the expressions in question tend to be used alone, except in subject movement verb 1. In general, no common tendency was found. In the Korean language, it is considered that the necessity of “-eo oda” and “-eo juda” differs depending on words, and those verbs alone do not indicate directionality. The answers from the Korean learners shows that subject movement verbs 1 and 2, and object movement verb 3 are frequently misused. The preference Korean learners between these expressions, as well as the strong tendency Korean native speaker shows in their choice of expressions, suggests influence from their mother language.