다이쇼(大正) 시대 ‘高等遊民’의 언어 활동 연구-소세키(漱石)『고코로(こころ)』의 어휘(語彙) 표현의 관점에서-

Abstract

Among various Japanese language studies themed on “status,” the purpose of this study is to confirm the actual state of language activities of a specific social class called 'non-employed intelligentia' that was newly created along with the modernization of Japan. The term 'non-employed intelligentia' was widely used from the Meiji period to the early Showa period in Japan, and the Fountain of New Terminology (1921) which is a new dictionary of Taisho period defines the 'non-employed intelligentia' as the intellectual class. The linguistic characteristic that distinguishes the 'non-employed intelligentia' class from the general public is especially in vocabulary expression. The occurrence rate of Chinese words used by teachers and other characters who can be classified as 'non-employed intelligentia' in Soseki Natsume's work Kokoro (1914) was investigated and analyzed, and the results showed differences in the frequency and share of the Chinese words. Furthermore, the characteristics of the language activities of the 'non-employed intelligentia'(teacher), when compared and contrasted 1 on 1 with those of the general public(father), are characterized by the fact that the teacher uses type A Chinese characters with a higher frequency and proportion. Therefore, this study is significant in that it confirms the actual state of the language activities of the 'non-employed intelligentia,' one of the intellectual classes of the Taisho era, from Soseki's "Kokoro" works.