비전형적 행위요구문의 쓰임에 관한 일고찰

Abstract

This study focuses on action request sentences that employ the modern Japanese sentence expression 「Shiro・shite・shitekure・shinasai」. This study identified five prerequisites for establishing the prototype as an action request sentence, as well as the semantic functions of the communicative modalities of atypical action request statements that partially satisfy these characteristics. Consideration is given to the five following instances of atypical behavioral requests: [a] The speaker is not in the position or circumstance expected by the audience. [b] The speaker does not want the request to be carried out (proposition). [c] There is no second person listener fulfilling the request of the speaker. [d] The listener lacks self-control in controlling the request's content (proposition). [e] The request is not for a "unrealized" circumstance that has not yet occurred. This atypical action request sentence is used as a 'request for permission' depending on the grammatical element, or from a sentence with a sparse "hatarakikake'(making someone behave)'; however, rather than focusing on what the listener does, the speaker's 'advice/wish/expectation/emotions' and so on function to be transmitted to the listener. In addition, the action request sentence that uses the 'actualization' circumstance as the proposition content is merely an expression of the speaker's demanding speech that does not trigger 'hatarakikake'. In other words, the typical action request sentence is a 'hatarakikake' (making someone behave), which presupposes the performance of the proposition by the listener, whereas the atypical action request sentence has an expressive meaning that the speaker's feelings are all-encompassing, rather than the performance of the proposition by the listener. It indicates the relationship between 'hatarakikake' (influencing someone's behavior) and 'hyousyutu' (the expressing of one's emotions) within the mode of speech delivery.