慰安婦問題をテーマとする日本のドキュメンタリー映画における 記録手法に関する一考察 —「チョンおばさんのクニ」と「“記憶”と生きる」を対象に —

Abstract

Postwar Japanese films have depicted comfort women, or military sexual slaves from the perspective of former Japanese soldiers. However, in most of them, the comfort women are merely used as a way to recreate their wartime memories. On the other hand, a small number of Japanese documentary films have attempted to revisit the issue of comfort women from the perspective of the victims themselves. As part of a study of Japanese documentary films on the subject of Korean comfort women, this study examines the archival methods used in the films "Aunt Chung's Country" (2000) and "Living with the “Memories”" (2015). In this process, rather than simply accepting the linear flow of the films as it is, we examined the meaning behind the recording methods by using and expanding on Roland Barthes' concept of "third meaning" (Le Troisième sens). In particular, we sought to reveal how still photographs and still shots, such as close-ups of objects, that shake the continuous and logical structure of the films, induce meaning generation as photograms that express third meaning. In doing so, we sought to understand the ways in which Japanese documentary films record the comfort women issue and the various meanings inherent in them.