주성분분석을 이용한 한국주식시장의 모멘텀 효과 연구
A Study on the Momentum Effect of the Korean Stock Markets Using Principal Component Analysis
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초록
본 연구는 한국주식시장의 자료를 대상으로 횡단면 모멘텀, 시계열 모멘텀, 이동평균 모멘텀의 3가지모멘텀 측정치들을 구하고, 이들 측정치의 공통성을 반영하여 생성된 새로운 모멘텀 측정치인 주성분모멘텀을 이용하여 모멘텀 효과를 검증한다. 공통성을 추출하는 방법으로는 주성분분석을 이용한다. 주요 검증결과를 보면, 한국주식시장에서 음(-)의 모멘텀 이익은 모멘텀 측정치의 선택에 관계없이견고하게 관찰된다. 새로이 고안된 주성분 모멘텀은 기존 3가지 모멘텀 측정치의 정보가치에 공통적으로포함된 모멘텀 효과의 정보를 효과적으로 추출한 측정치임을 잘 보여주며, 주성분 모멘텀은 기존모멘텀 측정치에 비교하여 모멘텀 전략에서 얻어지는 투자성과의 경제성(크기)과 신뢰성(통계적유의성)에서 의미 있는 향상을 가져온다. 주성분 모멘텀이 갖는 이러한 우위는 거래량 회전율(투자자관심)에 크게 영향을 받지는 않으나 높은 거래량 회전율 주식집단에서 강하게 나타난다. 또 주성분모멘텀이 갖는 비교우위는 주식수익률의 계절성과 포트폴리오 형성기간 및 미래 보유기간의 변화에관계없이 강건하게 성립한다. 이는 본 연구에서 고안한 주성분 모멘텀이 기존 연구에서 이용된 다양한모멘텀 측정치들의 속성을 결합하고 관련 연구를 확장할 수 있는 방법으로 유용하게 이용될 수 있음을의미한다.
Abstract
This study devises a new momentum measure (principal component momentum, PMOM) by reflecting the commonality of the traditional momentum measures(cross-sectional momentum, time-series momentum, moving-average momentum). And we use the PMOM to verify the momentum effect in the Korean stock market. Principal component analysis is used to extract commonality. The main results are as follows. First, negative momentum profits in the Korean stock market are strongly observed regardless of the choice of momentum measure. Second, the newly devised PMOM brings a meaningful improvement in the size and significance of the investment performance obtained from the momentum strategy compared to the existing momentum measures. Third, this improvement effect is not significantly affected by the volume turnover (a proxy of investor attention), but it is strong in the stock group with a high turnover. Fourth, the improvement of the PMOM remains strong regardless of the seasonality of stock returns and changes in the portfolio formation period and future holding period. These results mean that the PMOM used in this study can be usefully utilized as a method to combine the properties of various momentum measures used in the momentum studies and expand related studies.
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