呑虛宅成과 東洋思想 ‒ 『周易』의 宗旨와 『老』⋅『莊』의 注解를 중심으로 ‒

Abstract

Tanheo Taekseong(呑虛宅成, 1913-1983) was a figure that combines the East Asian Thoughts such as Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism from the perspective of Hua-yan(華嚴) and Seon(禪) Buddhism, who was a high priest representing Korean Buddhism of the 20th century. In this article I noted in his lecture tapes, So I found out his emphasizing point of The Book of Changes. And I was investigate in detail in his original comments and annotation about Lao-Tzu and Chuang-Tzu. Tanheo explained that to understand the essence of “The Book of Changes” is to fully realize the yin(陰) of ‘not move silently(寂然不動)’ and yang(陽) of ‘empathy with touched(感而遂通)’. This is similar to Samadhi and Prajñā of Seon(禪), he said. Besides He criticized the Marxism and Kant’s ideas by The Study of Changes(易學). Monk was trying to demonstrate that the principles of ‘the Dharma realm of the non-obstruction among individual phenomena(事事無碍)’ of Hua-yan(華嚴) and ‘the Buddha nature(性起論)’ of ‘Seon(禪)’ is equal to the ones of ‘the whole embody one Great Ultimate(統體一太極)’ and ‘each things embody their own Great Ultimate(各俱一太極)’. This is what paved the way directly between the two, it’s called Seon-Changes interpenetration (禪易會通). Taishang DaoDeJing Jiangyi(太上道德經講義) written by Song Chang xing(宋常星) was the center of the Lao-Tzu’s annotation(選注), and thirty-one scholar’s additional annotation has been added to it. Especially, annotation of Seogye Park sedang(西溪 朴世堂) came at the beginning. NanHuaJingJie(南華經解) written by Xuanying(宣穎) was the core of the Chuang-Tzu’s translation(譯解), and thirty-two intellectual’s additional annotation has been added to it, and Tanheo actively expressed his own annotation and lecture(講述). Looking at the statistics, using the usual scripture(Avatamsaka Sutra, The Book of Changes, Lao-Tzu) which he emphasized, it is evident that three religions are well integrated. Best Performance of this paper is to prove that Tanheo is well demonstrated that Korea’s Buddhist identity as interpenetrated Buddhism.