懶翁의 功夫十節目에 대한漢巖의 답변과 관점

Abstract

As a Dharma inheritance (嗣法) disciple of Gyeongheo (鏡虛), who helped revive modern Korean Seon Buddhism, Hanam was the supreme Seon monk who represented Korean Buddhism during and after Japanese colonial rule. His importance is evident in the fact he was elected as Jongjeong (宗正) and Gyojeong (敎正) four times (1929, 1935, 1941 and 1948). One of his more noteworthy writings is the 21 Articles of Zen (Seon) Questions and Answers. This text includes his answer to Naong’s ‘Gongbu-sibjeolmog’ which was written in the late Goryeo era. 21 Articles of Zen Questions and Answers are Hanam’s answers to questions about Zen raised by Lee Ryeog (李礫) during the Manil Zen Convention (萬日 禪會) held at Geonbong-sa (乾鳳寺) in 1921. In the first ten questions, Lee asks him about general issues on Zen discipline. But, from the 11th question on, Lee repeatedly asks Hanam about Naong’s ‘Gongbusibjeolmog.’ Gongbu-sibjeolmog was originally designed by Naong as a test question for the Gongbuseon (功夫選), an examination for monks during the reign of King Gongmin (恭愍王). However it was not used in the actual test due to time constraints. Therefore, in Naong’s Sayings　(懶翁語錄), only the questions are presented without answers. In his book, Hanam presents his answers. In this study I reviewed the structure of the 21 Articles of Zen Questions and Answers suggested by Hanam, as well as and his viewpoint on Zen, through his answer to the Gongbus－ibjeolmog. To do this I examined Chapter 2 which presents the background and content of Gongbu sibjeolmog as a test theme for the Gongbuseon. Based on it, Chapter 3 deals with the structure of 21 Articles of Zen Questions and Answers and compares Hanam’s answer to the Gongbu-sibjeolmog with Naong’s statements in Sijung (示衆). This revealed that Hanam’s viewpoint on Zen carried on well the tradition of Hongju-jong Namjong Zen that provokes the viewpoint based on the ontology.