功夫十節目의 禪思想 고찰

Abstract

Gongbu Sibjeolmog was a systemized theme for the exam of Gongbuseon(功夫選) which became the greatest turning point in Naong’s life. But it was not used in the exam of Gongbuseon. Later, it was reported to King Gongmin as a document and became known to the world. This paper compares the system and contents of Gongbu Sibjeolmog with those in 「Sijung(示衆)」 of 『Naong Eorog(懶翁語錄, Naong’s Sayings)』 to explain the significance of Gongbu Sibjeolmog more clearly through it. Gongbu Sibjeolmog was the combined result of two elements: the tradition of Southern Zen Buddhism and the personal experience of Naong. Therefore, the analysis of each element is requisite for the appropriate approach to it. Through the analysis, two characteristics of Gongbu Sibjeolmog have been roughly found as follows:The first is the systematic structure related with Zen discipline. As the greatest character of Gongbu Sibjeolmog, the systematic structure is also found in 「Sijung」 as well as the exam theme of Gongbuseon. With this, Naong seems to have wanted to prepare a new turning point through the systemization in Ganhwaseon(看話禪) which was in the degression at that time. That is, Naong must have much considered the problem of standard then. The second is the part about the ideal purpose after Dono(頓悟, enlightenment). Naong was watching the ideal of his own Zen viewpoint in Gongbu Sibjeolmog. It is a very important material that shows the clear purpose of Naong’s Zen idea. Furthermore, Gongbu Sibjeolmog also shows the influence of Jonggo(宗杲), Mongsan(蒙山), Gobong(高峰) and Jongyeol(從悅). It means that Naong collected the precedent theories and orthodox dogmas of Zen Buddhism and organized them into one. By thus summarizing the orthodox teachings of Zen Buddhism, Naong was drawing out the subjective outcome of Goryeo Jogyejong that transcended Chinese Zen Buddhism.