功夫選의 전개양상과 功夫十節目

Abstract

Gongbuseon(功夫選) was the first and greatest examination for monks in the Buddhist history. It was held by King Gongmin to reform the Buddhist world when he got alienated from Monk Sindon(辛旽) since his proclamation of direct government. At this time, Naong(懶翁) was appointed as the hosting manager of the exam and since then became the actual leader of Goryeo Buddhism. Therefore, the comprehension of Gongbuseon is very necessary in understanding Naong. And Gongbu Sibjeolmog(功夫十節目) was originally made as the critical standard for Gongbuseon, it was not used in the exam because of time problem. But, it is necessary to review Gongbu Sibjeolmog, for it is the material that summarizes Naong’s Zen idea most systematically. The title of Gongbu Sibjeolmog is similar to Muja Sibjeolmog(無字十節目) of Mongsan(蒙山). But, as it is composed of Chajeron(次第論) in its structure, the two are very original with different viewpoints. Gongbu Sibjeolmog can be largely divided into 3 stages: ①∼⑤, ⑥·⑦, and ⑧∼⑩. Each of these stages deals with the problem suggestion of Zen discipline and its maturation; Dono(頓悟, enlightenment) as its completion; finally, the function after the enlightenment and the purpose of Naong’s Zen idea. Naong did not created Gongbu Sibjeolmog by himself, but made it up on the basis of precedent Zen ideas and contemporary general theories. Despite it, Gongbu Sibjeolmog has been noticed because its systemization of Zen discipline is transcending the structuring effort of Chinese Zen Buddhism that can be partly seen in Mongsan(蒙山) or so. We can interpret this as Naong was not idly satisfied with the contemporary Zen Buddhism but tried to create a new Zen idea through the reformation. That is, Gongbu Sibjeolmog was a condensation of Goryeo Zen idea that tried to overcome Chinese Zen Buddhism.