보편적 기본소득제에 대한 한국인의 정책선호: 웹 서베이 실험을 통한 프레임 효과 분석
An Empirical Study on Korean Public Opinion on Universal Basic Income System: Analysis of Framing Effect through Web Survey Experiment
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초록
본 연구는 보편적 기본소득제(Universal Basic Income)에 대한 한국사회의 여론분포를 이해하고 기본소득제의 정책 선호에 영향을 미치는 프레임 효 과를 실증적으로 검증한다. 이를 위해 기본소득제 여론에 대한 기존 연구를 정리하고, 두 차례의 웹 서베이 데이터 분석을 통해 기본소득제에 대한 한 국사회의 여론분포를 정리한다. 이에 기초하여 웹 서베이 실험방법을 적용 하여 한국에서도 기본소득제에 대한 질문 프레임별로 정책 선호의 차이가 있는지 검증하였다. 분석 결과를 정리하면 첫째, 기본소득제의 긍정적 측면 과 부정적 측면 중 일면을 강조하는지, 균형 있는 정보를 제공하는지에 따 라 통계적으로 유의한 선호분포의 차이가 발생하였다. 둘째, 기본소득제의 인지도 변화, 특히 증세 필요성 여부에 대한 인지 여부가 기본 소득제 찬반 분포의 차이를 낳는 요인으로 확인되었다.
Abstract
This study intends to deepen the understanding of the distribution of the public opinion on the universal basic income system(UBI) and to test the framing effect of the survey question. According to the review of the survey researches of the basic income system in the Western academia, the policy preference distributions of the basic income system have been greatly influenced by the question frames about the basic income and the issues raised at the realization. This paper presents main findings about Korean public opinion on UBI analyzing the two web surveys conducted by Hankook Research Company. Also, by applying the experimental method, this paper tests framing effect on the distribution of policy preferences on UBI. The results of tests are as follows: First, as in the West, in Korea, the framing effects of questions on UBI are statistically significant. Second, as the issue raised in the implementation stage, it was confirmed that the information level on taxation issue influenced the distributions of policy preferences on UBI.
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