일본열도의 백제관련 해상교통로와 기항지 - 세토나이카이(瀬戸内海) 루트와 백제 영산강 유역 -

Abstract

In this paper, the aspects of historic remains and tombs, distributed along the Setonaikai route in Kohun period, were studied to catch a glimpse of their relationship with Baekje and Yeongsangang River. With regard to the 「places of call (寄港地)」, this paper derived the following conclusions; ① The places of call were concentrated in northern Kyushu, Kibi(吉備), and Harima(播磨) areas and they were also distributed in Setonaikai coastal regions. It is noteworthy that they were identified in Sikoku(四国) areas such as Matsuyama(四国) plain and Sanuki(讃岐) plain. ② The historic remains and tombs, which can give a glimpse into their relationship with Baekje and Yeongsangang River, were distributed in river basins, estuaries and coastal harbors, etc. ③ There were many cases where the places of call were close to the settlement remains, which can give a glimpse into their relationship with the Korean immigrants to Japan(渡來人), and the old tombs with Korean peninsula style funerary objects buried in them. ④ If we compare the sea routes for Japanese envoy to Silla (AD 736), whose detailed contents are already disclosed, with Setonaikai routes from the last stage of Yayoi period suggested by Tsugiyama Jun(次山淳) to the early part of the Kohun period, we can presume their high correlations. Considering above findings, there is a high possibility that the 「places of call」 did exist in the areas mentioned in this paper. In addition, in the areas where the situation described in above ③ can be identified, the 「places of call」are considered to have played the role of the 「place of mutual trade」 for Japanese local communities to accommodate the advanced goods, technologies, and information beyond the simple places of call. The people (envoys) who travelled from Baekje and Yeongsangang River to Kinai area may have needed negotiations with the local groups excellent in sea route information to safely arrive at their destinations while having their economic base at various 「places of call」. Considering the distribution of Wa style tombs in southwestern coastal regions of Korean peninsula, the author once thought about the situation where the Wa groups that sought to negotiate with Baekje and Yeongsangang River used the ports adjacent to their sea routes as their 「places of call」 and asked the guide of their sailing while repeating the trade with intelligent local groups distributed in coastal area. There is a high possibility that the same situation will also apply to the Setonaikai route. In other words, the political and economic negotiations of Baekje and Yeongsangang River with Wa may have been conducted in close relationship with the local groups based in 「places of call」 adjacent to their sea routes.