율리아누스의 정치적 부상에 관한 연구(355-361년) -군사 및 민사 정책과 지도력을 중심으로
A Study on the Political Rise of Julianus(355-361): On His Military, Civil Policy and Leadership
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Julianus was Caesar who ruled Galia under Roman Multi Ruler System when the Roman empire has been reorganized in the middle of fourth century by Constantius II. In the end of 355 he was sent to Galia by Constantius which was exposed to the invasions of German tribes. Basically Constantius intended to make him as a vassal who should act like a spokesman. Although Julianus was unexperienced young man in the politics nevertheless he established his solid power base in Galia. This is noticed in several phases. Firstly till the year of 357 namely in the first station of his career in Galia he proved his ability as military leader through battle experiences and was successful in gaining the supports of Galian soldiers. Especially the great victory against the German tribes at Argentartum became the ground basis for his military hegemony. The next phase was the struggle with the Preafectus Florentius. Here he overcame him in the policy of taxation and grain supply and this success became his stable basis in the governance of Galia. Constantius sided with Julianus in those policies in the end. Then the decisive event happened in the early 360. Constantius ordered many parts of Galian army to be moved to the Persian front in order to compensate the hard military state there. But Julianus made use of the psychological state of those soldiers, and he did not comply to the order but stood for the Galian soldiers that would not move. Thereafter he required to be Augustus for Galia but Constantius rejected. Finally Julianus declared the war against Constantius relying on Galian support. He mobilized his army quickly and was very successful till all the territory of late Constans was occupied for him. When the early career of Julianus is observed we come to know that he was being made well as both an able leader and military commander. He understood the military mind of his soldiers, and had the competence to transform it for his base so that his status could be raised to Augustus. Moreover he was the person who had not only the ability executing the policy but also persuasive talent. Galia was therefore a good field for him in the sense of self development. The experience as Caesar there brought him to be recognized as Augustus later. His potential leadership and commanding of the army became the source which led his military mutiny to the success.
Abstract
Julianus was Caesar who ruled Galia under Roman Multi Ruler System when the Roman empire has been reorganized in the middle of fourth century by Constantius II. In the end of 355 he was sent to Galia by Constantius which was exposed to the invasions of German tribes. Basically Constantius intended to make him as a vassal who should act like a spokesman. Although Julianus was unexperienced young man in the politics nevertheless he established his solid power base in Galia. This is noticed in several phases. Firstly till the year of 357 namely in the first station of his career in Galia he proved his ability as military leader through battle experiences and was successful in gaining the supports of Galian soldiers. Especially the great victory against the German tribes at Argentartum became the ground basis for his military hegemony. The next phase was the struggle with the Preafectus Florentius. Here he overcame him in the policy of taxation and grain supply and this success became his stable basis in the governance of Galia. Constantius sided with Julianus in those policies in the end. Then the decisive event happened in the early 360. Constantius ordered many parts of Galian army to be moved to the Persian front in order to compensate the hard military state there. But Julianus made use of the psychological state of those soldiers, and he did not comply to the order but stood for the Galian soldiers that would not move. Thereafter he required to be Augustus for Galia but Constantius rejected. Finally Julianus declared the war against Constantius relying on Galian support. He mobilized his army quickly and was very successful till all the territory of late Constans was occupied for him. When the early career of Julianus is observed we come to know that he was being made well as both an able leader and military commander. He understood the military mind of his soldiers, and had the competence to transform it for his base so that his status could be raised to Augustus. Moreover he was the person who had not only the ability executing the policy but also persuasive talent. Galia was therefore a good field for him in the sense of self development. The experience as Caesar there brought him to be recognized as Augustus later. His potential leadership and commanding of the army became the source which led his military mutiny to the success.
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