대학생이 인식한 아동기 생애 부정적 경험의 유형화: 잠재계층분석을 중심으로
Patterns of Adverse Childhood Experiences among Korean College Students: A Latent Class Analysis
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본 연구는 대학생을 대상으로 아동기 생애 부정적 경험(Adverse Childhood Experiences, ACEs)을 잠재계층 분석(Latent Class Analysis, LCA)을 통해 유형화하고, 유형화에 따라 인구사회학적 특성에 차이가 있는지 살펴보았다. 자료는 온라인 서베이 방식을 활용하여 전국 2,3년제 대학교 및 4년제 대학교 대학생을 편의표집하고 구조화된 설문지를 실시하였다. 한국의 인구특성에 비래해 온라인 서베이 참여자의 성 비율과 서울과 비서울권 대학의 참여자 학생 비율이 50:50으로 동등하게 도달하는 시점까지 자료수집을 실시하여 총 1,037개 자료를 최종분석에 사용하였다. Mplus를 이용하여 LCA을 실시한 결과, ACEs가 다음의 4개의 그룹으로 유형화되었다. ACEs가 높은 그룹(class 1, 6.4%), 아동학대와 가정폭력에 노출된 그룹(class 2, 20.1%), 경제적으로 어려운 그룹(class 3, 13.2%), ACEs가 낮은 그룹(class 4, 60.4%)으로 나타났다. ACEs에 대한 인구사회학적 특성을 살펴본 결과, ACEs가 높거나 경제적으로 어려운 그룹에서 남성보다 여성이, 아버지와 어머니의 최종학력이 낮았으며, 가구소득이 낮고 돈을 벌기 위해 현재 일을 하는 비율이 높았다. 이에 따라, ACEs에 대한 실천적, 예방적 접근의 다각적 노력이 요구된다.
Abstract
This study identified the adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) among Korean college students through latent class analysis (LCA) and examined whether there are differences in socio-demographic characteristics according to the LCA. We used a structured online survey questionnaire to conveniently sample college students from two, three, and four-year universities nationwide. After the data was collected 1,037 surveys were used for the final analysis. We performed the latent class analysis using Mplus, and identified adverse childhood experiences into four groups, namely participants with high overall ACEs (class 1, 6.4%), exposure to child abuse and domestic violence (class 2, 20.1%), economic hardship(class 3, 13.2%), and low ACEs (class 4, 60.4%). Results indicated that more women than men, those with fathers and mothers with lower levels of education, and those with lower family income, were in the groups for high overall ACEs or economic difficulties. Accordingly, there is a need for a multilateral effort of practical and preventive approaches to adverse childhood experiences.
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