근대계몽기 ‘국어교과 독본류’의 문체 연구 - 학습자와의 상관 관계를 중심으로 -

Abstract

This study is to consider how awareness of Hangeul, the Korean alphabet was embodied in reading books of national language curriculum in modern enlightenment era. To be specific, we looked through the characteristic of style represented in 14 kinds of reading books generally, and considered how awareness of Hangeul was embodied regarding both the characteristic of style and learners' personality. There are 4 types of stylistic variations in reading books of national language curriculum largely. First, the type is the style of Korean and Chinese characters in combination; focusing on Chinese characters accompanied by Korean pronunciation(Hyun-to style); Chinese characters first followed by Korean. Secondly, the type is the style of Korean and Chinese characters in combination; focusing on Chinese characters annotated by literal translation in Korean; Chinese characters first followed by Korean. Thirdly, the type is the style of Korean and Chinese characters in combination; focusing Korean annotated by liberal translation in Korean; Korean first followed by Chinese characters; making an additional writing both ideographically and phonetically in Japanese style. Fourth, the style is exclusive using of Hangeul; Focusing on Korean combined with Chinese characters; Korean first followed by Chinese characters. These types of stylistic variations are classified into three periods. First, the period is right after the establishment of Korea Empire in 1895. In this period, there reveals a transitional style of reading books of national language curriculum, showing the reflection of writing method in textbooks linked with change of official language standard. Secondly, the period is when textbooks were compiled in private institutions. The textbooks of this period were written by choosing the most effective style and considering organized learning for real education. Third, the period is when textbooks were compiled by individual persons. The textbooks of this period have very characteristic compiling system according to learners. So, if learners were women, there focused on Korean style suitable for women's education. And for elementary or childhood course, the first volume of each textbook was based on exclusive using of Hangeul, showing multi layered changes related with learners' literacy. If for common people, there focused on learning of Chinese characters and cultivating of basic accomplishment. In this case, the textbooks were for learners out of educational system, so there used a combining style of Korean and Chinese character mainly. These textbooks reveal competitive relation clearly between Korean and Chinese character. Through this study, it knows that under the situation having no proper language standard, competitive relation among styles, learners, Korean and Chinese characters which government and each individual writer intended involves that there needed leadership replacement between Chinese character and Korean, and a new standard.