개발 신화의 승인과 폭로, 도시 난민의 영화적 재현 -1980년대 초반 한국 영화를 중심으로-

Abstract

This writing aims to investigate cultural and political characteristics of the early 1980s Korean movies. Hence, it critically analyzes aspects of developmental mythology and modernization progressing till 1980s by looking into the lives of urban refugees. Early 1980s was a historical turning and turbulent paradigm due to collapse of Park Chung-hee administration and new establishment of Chun Doo-hwan administration. Not only in the governmental change, but also changes in public culture were entailed, the Chun administration has created ‘3S’ policy, allowing films to critically explore the filed of contemporary reality for further cultural expansion. A figure of Urban Refugee shortly emerged thanks to such a cultural change. The notion of an Urban Refugee refers to the domestic migrants coming up to the capital from the rural, under the premise of loss and drift of ‘homesickness’, on the one hand, presents traits of Self-dissociation, internalizing their desire for material prosperity and success and hanging around the peripheries of modernization, without being involved into the modernized world of developmental mythology. Their periphery lives constantly determines the boundary of material prosperity and stable lives deriving from the modernization, simultaneously stir up the violent aspects of exclusion and elimination entailed to the boundary. Therefore, these people appears in 1980s films as a disclosing, but also as an approving feature upon the modernization and developmental mythology, traversing the peripheries of modernization. The people such as prostitutes, pickpockets and fools depicted in films are the beings crowding into the urban cities and being degraded to just a depressed drifter after failing to accomplish their dreams towards a success. The ‘Road’ which these people are standing is a symbolization equivocally and dually reflecting both approval and disclosure of developmental mythology and the identities of the ‘traversing’ beings. Furthermore, the ‘physical’, ‘body’ of these destitute people is significant as utilized as a mean to reveal the violence that originated from modernization. An advent of an unfamiliar body emphasizes the violence and cruelty of developmental mythology, by refreshing the fear and unrest which modernization contains, invading the world of stable modernization.