다문화 사회의 언어접촉으로 인한 언어 변화 양상 고찰

Abstract

This study analyzed the changing patterns of language in a multicultural society, focusing on loanwords. Targeting eight languages, including 'Tibeto-Burman Languages' in China, the study examined language usage patterns and loanwords by type. The general idea is as follows. First, it explored the language contact of each language. Nearby ethnic minorities greatly influenced the 'Dakpakha language,' 'Sadu language,' 'Yidu language,' and 'Xiandao languages' while the 'Hanyu language' greatly affected the 'Naxi language,' 'Katso language,' 'Maru language,' and 'Qiang languages.' Second, the language of Chinese ethnic minorities had clear characteristics and tendency of loanwords by period. The early loanwords were highly influenced by nearby ethnic minority languages that naturally had frequent language contact for each language. However, a large number of loanwords from the 'Hanyu language' were introduced to all languages after the establishment of the People's Republic of China. Third, the study examined partial word loaning by type and introduced various cases that combined native and loanwords of the corresponding language. Fourth, it examined the phenomenon of native and loanwords of the corresponding language coexisting together. Based on the various cases of language and phenomena, the study assumed the viewpoint of what process loanwords go through to be positioned as loanwords in the target language. Fifth, it caused the change of syntactic structure due to the loaning of function words. In other words, by absorbing 'Hanyu's' phrases and grammar structure, the original grammar structures of ethnic minorities and 'Hanyu' coexisted and were used interchangeably. Sixth, along with loanwords, it aroused the change and rearrangement of word order. 'Katso language' tried to maintain the word order of the 'Hanyu' loanword as it is. On the other hand, the 'Sadu language' and 'Qiang language' accepted the loanwords but rearranged the word order by applying the unique grammar rules of the target language to some extent.