고려~조선초 공․사전의 개념과 王土思想

Abstract

This paper revolves around the conception of the public and the private in the Goryeo to early Joseon dynasty being in heating debate among scholars. To gain this goal, I did usage analysis regarding the public and the private from historical materials. Through this analysis, I would like to raise a question on the orthodoxy that the public and the private had been definitely separated in medieval Korean history. The public and the private in Goryeo society were not separated but connected, and the thought of the royal domain as extension of the public and the private was tightened up on the substantive meaning. The managing principle of the Stipend Land Law (jeonsigwa system, 田柴科制度) was a good example of the connection of the public and the private. However, the connection between the public and the private confronted the breaking moment, when neo-Confucianism and the private having the nature of one's selfish desire were adopted in late Goryeo. Since then, the private land having the behaviors of the Rank Land Law (gwajeonbeop system, 科田法制度) and the public land including the lands of the people except for the lands designated as the Rank Land Law switched the original meanings each other under the thought of the royal domain (Wangtosasang, 王土思想). In result, the separation and the switch of the conceptions between the public and the private were settled down when the Office Land Law (jikjeonbeop system, 職田法制度) was abolished.