기 모케 사건: 역사, 기념, 논쟁
The Guy Môquet Affair: History, Commemoration and Controversy
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This article deals with ‘the Guy Môquet affair’ that includes the various reaction and dispute in the French society, propelled by newly elected President Nicolas Sarkozy’s instruction on May 16 2007. President Sarkozy announced that the last letter by Guy Môquet, a 17-year-old communist activist, should be read in all high schools in France on the anniversary of his execution. Guy Môquet was executed as a ‘hostage’ by the Germans in retaliation for the armed resistance on October 22, 1941, and honored as a ‘young resistance hero’ by the French Communist Party(PCF) to conceal its less honorable past(August 1939 to June 1941). He was also respected by De Gaulle in 1945 and Sarkozy in 2007 to unite the nation by enhancing the patriotic value. Irrespective of approval or disapproval of Sarkozy’s instruction, the vast majority of the population agreed on reverence for Guy Môquet as a resistance hero. However, Guy Môquet could not actually become a resistance fighter, because he had been arrested before the PCF joined the Résistance. He and his letter should be remembered and celebrated for a testimony to the history of oppression by the Vichy government and German occupation, rather than for a symbol of the Résistance.
Abstract
This article deals with ‘the Guy Môquet affair’ that includes the various reaction and dispute in the French society, propelled by newly elected President Nicolas Sarkozy’s instruction on May 16 2007. President Sarkozy announced that the last letter by Guy Môquet, a 17-year-old communist activist, should be read in all high schools in France on the anniversary of his execution. Guy Môquet was executed as a ‘hostage’ by the Germans in retaliation for the armed resistance on October 22, 1941, and honored as a ‘young resistance hero’ by the French Communist Party(PCF) to conceal its less honorable past(August 1939 to June 1941). He was also respected by De Gaulle in 1945 and Sarkozy in 2007 to unite the nation by enhancing the patriotic value. Irrespective of approval or disapproval of Sarkozy’s instruction, the vast majority of the population agreed on reverence for Guy Môquet as a resistance hero. However, Guy Môquet could not actually become a resistance fighter, because he had been arrested before the PCF joined the Résistance. He and his letter should be remembered and celebrated for a testimony to the history of oppression by the Vichy government and German occupation, rather than for a symbol of the Résistance.
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