양차 대전과 프랑스의 전쟁기념문화 -파리(Paris) ‘군사박물관(Musée de l’armée)’을 중심으로-
The Two World Wars and French War Commemoration Culture -The case of ‘Musée de l'armée' of Paris-
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The ‘Musée de l'armée’ and the War Museum possess two main functions. First, they affirm a specific political agenda concerning the war and the nation and propagate it. Second, they bring out both the intellectual and emotional reaction of the people through recollection of sacrifices and deaths of the courageous soldiers. Inside the ‘Musée de l'armée’, the carefully selected articles, the form and the arrangement of the exhibition are deeply intervened by a series of political, social consideration instead of purely artistic ones. Also, the collectivization of death enables the nation to solidify its image as an autonomous nation state, therefore playing the role as a significant political tool. The exhibition of the Two World Wars opened on July 1st 2006 at the ‘Musée de l'armée’ located in Paris, in order to alter the nature of the museum from ‘an object museum’ to a ‘museum of history’. As a result, the museum not only provided the audience with an examination of the historical events but also the ‘peoples' history’ and their ‘mentality’ as well. As General de Gaulle put it ‘the Thirty-year War,’ the exhibition attempted to capture the continuity of the Two World Wars. It consists of the artifacts and visuals which represent the war, the army, and the modernization process of the weapons. The exhibition hall which openly emphasizes the significance of the ‘Independence movement’ during the World War II highlights the intention of France as a nation. Also, the recent construction of General de Gaulle's Memorial museum is known as the space where the national pride and ideological justification of the nation takes place. Therefore, it can be concluded that the nature of the ‘Musée de l'armée’ and its reason for existence circulates around this specific period. However, nationalism and heroism that are emphasized in ‘Musée de l'armée' coexist with popular history. Perhaps even in war museum where the most representative national identification is formed, France might try to accept various memories and heal the war trauma.
Abstract
The ‘Musée de l'armée’ and the War Museum possess two main functions. First, they affirm a specific political agenda concerning the war and the nation and propagate it. Second, they bring out both the intellectual and emotional reaction of the people through recollection of sacrifices and deaths of the courageous soldiers. Inside the ‘Musée de l'armée’, the carefully selected articles, the form and the arrangement of the exhibition are deeply intervened by a series of political, social consideration instead of purely artistic ones. Also, the collectivization of death enables the nation to solidify its image as an autonomous nation state, therefore playing the role as a significant political tool. The exhibition of the Two World Wars opened on July 1st 2006 at the ‘Musée de l'armée’ located in Paris, in order to alter the nature of the museum from ‘an object museum’ to a ‘museum of history’. As a result, the museum not only provided the audience with an examination of the historical events but also the ‘peoples' history’ and their ‘mentality’ as well. As General de Gaulle put it ‘the Thirty-year War,’ the exhibition attempted to capture the continuity of the Two World Wars. It consists of the artifacts and visuals which represent the war, the army, and the modernization process of the weapons. The exhibition hall which openly emphasizes the significance of the ‘Independence movement’ during the World War II highlights the intention of France as a nation. Also, the recent construction of General de Gaulle's Memorial museum is known as the space where the national pride and ideological justification of the nation takes place. Therefore, it can be concluded that the nature of the ‘Musée de l'armée’ and its reason for existence circulates around this specific period. However, nationalism and heroism that are emphasized in ‘Musée de l'armée' coexist with popular history. Perhaps even in war museum where the most representative national identification is formed, France might try to accept various memories and heal the war trauma.
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