浦項 中城里新羅碑 書體와 古新羅 문자생활

Abstract

This paper is the fundamental review of Jungseongri Silla monument newly found at Pohang, Gyeongbuk, Korea on May 11, 2009. It tried to decode and interpret the monument through the analysis of the shapes of its letters and then examined the features of calligraphy, operation of variant characters and Zhangfa and judgement of chronicle in order to understand the letter use life of Silla people. It can be considered that the shapes of letters and calligraphy styles have relatively strong characters of Haeseo. But, the meaning of Yeseo or Sinyeche and Haengchoseo was found together and the general calligraphy showed transitional aspect into Haeseo. In particular, this monument showed similar characteristics with the calligraphy of Naengsuri monument or Bongpyeong monument and it suggests that it has the same vein with the calligraphy characteristics of monuments of Silla in the former half of the 6C. Formation of variant characters can be divided into omitting or adding strokes and changing the original letter structure. The use of a variety of variant characters showed that the Silla people at that time didn't end accepting the Chinese character passively but transformed them actively. Zhangfa matched the column but didn't match the line and the letter size was not uniform and had not border. The characteristics of such a Zhangfa were generally found in the epigraph before Jeokseong monument and it suggested transcriptional culture was prevailed at that time when this monument was erected. ‘Sinsa year’ when the monument was erected was considered 501 year as calligraphy, Zhangfa and use of specific letters for official rank were found and there was ‘Sadeokji’ who involved in Naengsuri monument (503 year). in ‘Sinsa year’ when the monument was erected. Therefore, this monument showed the calligraphy naturalized in the Silla society since the mid-5th century and was also very valuable as the earliest stone monument material which can show the letter use life of Silla.