사료로 보는 애국가 짓기와 부르기의 역사

Abstract

This paper examines how the Korean national anthem has developed in terms of lyrics and songs based on musical materials. It investigates three different periods: 1st period is the national anthem before the 1910 Japanese occupation; 2nd for after 1910; and today’s version of the national anthem. While the 1890s in the 1st period was the decade busy for “writing the lyrics of the national anthem”, the 1900s was the time when “singing the national anthem” was considered an important national practice. A national anthem called, “The Great Han Empire Anthem” that was composed at that time. As many schools adopted national anthem singing practice being accompanied by Taegeukgi hosting and shouting hurray three times, it was widely sung across the entire nation. However, the Japanese imperial rule prohibited singing the national anthem while confiscating all the books containing the national anthem. Despite such banning, more various patriot songbooks were published after 1910 in support of the Korean independence movement; and as a result, different types of patriot songs were sung until the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea adopted an official national anthem to represent its authority in 1920s. The national anthem beginning with the lyric of ‘donghaemulgwa’ that was first called as ‘Mugunwhasong’ was sung with other national anthem songs, but it finally became the most representative national anthem in 1919. This national anthem lyrics adopted the melody of <Auld LangSyne> before An Ik-tae composed and introduced the national anthem, so-called, donghaemulgwa anthem, right after Korea’s liberation from the Japanese rule on Aug 15th, 1945. Since then, this song has been officially playing as the national anthem representing the Republic of Korea.