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企業家活動이 生産性에 미치는 效果

How Can Entrepreneurial Activities Affect Productivity?: An Empirical Evidence in Korean Economy

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본 연구는 企業家活動(혹은 創業活動)과 生産性간의 관계를 우리나라의 지역경제 를 대상으로 최초로 실증적으로 분석하였다는 데 의의가 있다. 본고에서는 수정 된 成長會計分析 모형에 企業家活動을 첨가하여 실증분석을 시도하였다. 실증분석의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 우리나라에서도 企業家活動과 生産 性간에 강한 正의 상관관계가 있음이 확인되었다. 또한 지역별 생산성 격차를 지 역별 企業家活動 차이로 설명할 수 있다. 둘째, 벤처형 창업이 일반창업보다 지역 생산성을 더 향상시켰다. 셋째, 企業家活動이 生産性에 미치는 효과가 R&D의 경 우보다 크게 나타나고 있어, R&D 投資 못지않게 企業家活動의 역할이 중요함을 보여주고 있다. 넷째, 企業家活動 및 R&D와 生産性 간에 대략 2년 정도의 時差가 존재하고 있으며, 시장의 동태적인 조정과정을 반영하고 있다. 마지막으로 高創 業地域은 人的資本 및 企業家活動이 生産性에 영향을 미치는 주 요소임에 반하 여, 低創業地域은 資本-勞動비율이 상대적으로 큰 영향을 끼치고 있었다.

Abstract

This paper investigates empirically an effect of regional entrepreneurial activities on the regional labor productivity and total factor productivity for Korean regional economy. Main findings are summarized as follows. First, the regional entrepreneurial activity has played substantially a key role in promoting regional productivity as shown in advanced countries like U.S.A, UK, and Germany. Second, the entrepreneurial activities gaps leaded to productivity gaps within the Korean regional economies. Third, it has shown that innovative venture establishment has greater impact on productivity than non-innovative establishment. Fourth, human capital and entrepreneurial activity have been key boosters in promoting regional productivity in the regions with higher establishment, while capital-labor ratio key role in the lower-establishment regions.

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