청년층 근로자의 이직을 통한 임금 사다리 효과 분석
Can Job Turnover Help Young Korean Workers Climb the Wage Ladder?
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본 연구는 2007년 청년 패널의 고정표본으로 선정된 3,608명을 추적함으로써 이직이 실제 임금 상승효과를 가지는가에 대해 분석하였다. 실증분석 결과 기존 직장에서 3년 이내로 근무한 청년 근로자가 자발적인 동기에서 이직을 선택하는 경우 非이직자에 비해 이직 시점의 시간당 임금이 직전 직장보다 3.3∼4.0% 높아지며 이직 후에는 연간 임금상승률이 0.1∼0.8%p 올라가는 ‘임금 사다리(wage-ladder) 효과’가 존재하는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 실증분석 결과는 이직이 최초 직장 선택과정에서의 불일치를 완화하는 역할을 할 뿐만 아니라 근로자가 보다 적합한 일자리와의 결합을 통해 보유한 능력을 효과적으로 사용하고 빠른 인적자본 형성에 기여할 수 있음을 시사한다.
Abstract
This paper studies the effect of job turnover on wage growth for young Korean workers using the Youth Panel over the period of 2007-2019. Our empirical findings highlight that if a young employee whose work experience is less than three years moves a job voluntarily, the hourly wage increases by 3.3-4.0 percent, and the annual rate of wage growth increases by 0.1-0.8 percentage point (the so-called “wage-ladder effect”). These results imply that job turnover of young Korean employees not only alleviates labor market mismatch, but also contributes to improve human capital formation by helping them find more suitable jobs and boost their job performance.
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