다산(茶山)의 인사행정개혁에 대한 이해

Abstract

This study reviews Dasan's reform through his prominent books, Mok-mim-sim-suh and Kyung-se-yu-pyo. Among others, the paper focuses on the reform agenda relating to the field of public personnel administration. After identifying problems the Lee Dynasty faced, Dasan suggested 7 reform agenda; 1) limit 20 agencies in each 6 division and thus allow 120 positions only in the central government. 2) reduce the number of classes from 36 to 11. 3) introduce a performance-based evaluation system, which is called "Go-Jeok" rule. 4) position the civil servants in various field; reform the "Sam-Gwan-Sam-Cheon" rule. Do not discriminate 3 unpopular positions from 3 preferred positions. 5) recruit civil servants through open competition tests. Consolidate the first exam with the second exam and promote the normal ways of recruitment. 6) match the number of positions with the number of newly employed. 7) control the number of street-level bureaucrats. The research introduced the Dasan's idea in two folds. Firstly, the study examined the class system and proposed to reduce the number of classes. The study also proposed a new recruitment and human management system. Dasan's organization theory comes from the idea of 9 absolute orders presented in "Ju" era of China. The optimal number of positions and classes would be calculated from the idea that had dominated the universal rule prevailing in China. Secondly, Dasan proposed a reform in the appointment examination in accordance with 1) merit based, 2) non-discrimination on regions, families, classes. He also proposed that local leaders recommend well talented human resources in their regions. In addition, Dasan suggested a more systemic way of recruitment and a performance based human resource management system.