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복지국가의 필요조건으로서의 ‘정부의 질’: 퍼지셋 질적비교연구를 활용한 OECD국가 비교연구

’Quality of Government’ as the Necessary Condition for Welfare State: A Comparative Analysis of OECD Countries Using fs/QCA

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주제분류행정학

초록

본 논문은 기존의 권력자원 중심의 보편주의 복지국가론에서 정부의 질 요인이 원인조건으로 가지는 타당성을 실증적으로 검증하고자 한다. 이를 위해 본 논문에서는 OECD 21개 국가들(1985년부터 2010년)을 대상으로, 복지국가 발달을 설명하는 주요 변수들 간의 조합을 살펴보고, 이러한 원인조합들이 어떻게 복지국가의 필요조건이 되는지 퍼지셋 질적비교연구 방법론을 활용하여 분석한다. 분석 결과, 보편적 복지국가를 위해서는 일반적으로 알려진 권력자원론과 산업화 논리와 함께 정부의 질이 필요조건으로서 중요한 조건인 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 보편주의적 복지국가의 척도로 사용되어 왔던 복지관대성 지표(Generosity Index)를 결과조건으로 적용한 경우 경제성장, 정치적 투입 차원에서의 권력자원동원, 그리고 집행차원으로서의 정부의 질의 결합이 원인조건 결합으로 제시되었다. 즉 보편적 복지국가로 가기 위해서는 권력자원과 경제성장뿐만 아니라 정부의 질이 중요한 필요조건인 것으로 나타났다.

Abstract

This paper attempts to investigate how argument of quality of government as a necessary condition for universalistic welfare state contributes to the scholarly discussion of power resource theory. We empirically examine OECD 21 countries (1985 from 2010) to study how different causal conditions in combination with the ‘quality of government (QoG)’ can explain welfare state development and we exploit method of fs/QCA. Findings from the analysis suggest that quality of government is an important necessary condition together with the size of left party representing power resource theory, especially in explaining universalistic welfare state development, here measured by the Generosity Index.

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