지역고용정책 연구에 관한 탐색적 논의: 사람중심과 장소중심 접근
People-and Place-Centered Approaches in Local Employment Policies
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초록
사람중심과 장소중심 정책 접근은 지역단위 정책을 형성하고 집행할 때 정책의 우선순위를 결정하는 중요한 기준이 된다. 하지만, 사람중심과 장소중심 접근에 대한 논의는 아직 학술적으로 체계화되어 발전되지 못한 실정이다. 이러한 맥락에서, 본 연구는 사람중심과 장소중심 접근에 대한 기존 논의를 종합하고 지역개발의 주요 이슈인 지역고용정책에서 어떻게 적용할 수 있는지에 대해 탐색하였다. 사람중심 정책은 정책대상 개인의 특성에 주목하여 미시적 차원의 집행이 이루어지는 반면, 장소중심 정책은 장소의 공간적 특수성을 고려해 중범위 수준의 정책지원을 통한 정책목표달성을 도모한다. 이때 장소적 특성은 지역 인프라와 같은 물리적 특성과 장소감 등 무형의 특성을 포함한다. 지역고용은 정책의 궁극적 대상자로서 사람에 대한 특성도 중요하지만 장소성 또한 정책의 효과성을 좌우하므로 두 접근 모두 유용함을 확인하였다. 그러므로 본 연구를 통해, 정책의 효율성과 효과성을 달성할 수 있도록 사람중심과 장소중심접근의 개별적 특수성을 보다 주의 깊게 적용할 필요가 있음을 시사하였다.
Abstract
People-and place-centered approaches are important criteria for prioritizing directions when planning and implementing regional policies. However, the approaches have not been systematically reviewed. Therefore, this study synthesized the existing discussions of people-and place-centered approaches and explored how they can be applied to regional employment policies, which are the main issues of regional development. While people-centered policy focuses on the characteristics of the people affected by the policy and is executed at the micro level, place-centered policy seeks to achieve policy goals at the mid-rage level and focuses on the characteristics of the place, including physical aspects, such as local infrastructure, and intangible aspects, such as sense of place. Regional employment is the ultimate target of the policy. For regional employment policy, while the characteristics of the people are important, at the same time those of the place also have significant impact on the effectiveness of the policy. Therefore, this study suggests the necessity of applying both people-and place-centered approaches to achieve the most efficient and effective regional employment policy.
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