북한의 방정환 인식 변화 과정 연구

Abstract

This study covers the process of change in North Korea in their recognition of Junghwan Bang. North Korea established 『Byeolnara (World of Stars)』 and 『Shinsonyeon (Boys New)』 as the basis of social class-based literature for children after national division and regarded 『Eorini (Children)』 and Junghwan Bang as ‘reactionary bourgeois’. However, as North Korea established the Juche Philosophy in 1967, it criticized that 'social class-based children’s literature' showed ‘immaturity as revolutionary literature’ while reflecting ‘earlier communist movement’. Since 『Juche Literature Theory』 in 1992 by Jeongil Kim, evaluation of Junghwan Bang changed greatly. The『Collection of Literature in the 1920』 published in 1993 included many children’s literature works of South Korea which had been criticized as ‘pure’ children’s literature. Since then, Junghwan Bang has been described as a critical realist who contributed to ‘enlightenment and dedication of boys from proletariat families’. Two years later, 「Sopa Junghwan Bang, the Pioneer of Modern Children’s Literature」appeared in 『Chosun Literature』 in August 1995. This was the first overall description of the life of Junghwan Bang. That North Korea evoked Junghwan Bang anew as ‘a pioneer of modern children’s literature’ and showed a change in recognition is the hope for future children’s literature in the unified peninsular. At least, this casts a possibility of description of children’s literature in the unified peninsular that starts with the recognition of ‘Junghwan Bang’.This study covers the process of change in North Korea in their recognition of Junghwan Bang. North Korea established 『Byeolnara (World of Stars)』 and 『Shinsonyeon (Boys New)』 as the basis of social class-based literature for children after national division and regarded 『Eorini (Children)』 and Junghwan Bang as ‘reactionary bourgeois’. However, as North Korea established the Juche Philosophy in 1967, it criticized that 'social class-based children’s literature' showed ‘immaturity as revolutionary literature’ while reflecting ‘earlier communist movement’. Since 『Juche Literature Theory』 in 1992 by Jeongil Kim, evaluation of Junghwan Bang changed greatly. The『Collection of Literature in the 1920』 published in 1993 included many children’s literature works of South Korea which had been criticized as ‘pure’ children’s literature. Since then, Junghwan Bang has been described as a critical realist who contributed to ‘enlightenment and dedication of boys from proletariat families’. Two years later, 「Sopa Junghwan Bang, the Pioneer of Modern Children’s Literature」appeared in 『Chosun Literature』 in August 1995. This was the first overall description of the life of Junghwan Bang. That North Korea evoked Junghwan Bang anew as ‘a pioneer of modern children’s literature’ and showed a change in recognition is the hope for future children’s literature in the unified peninsular. At least, this casts a possibility of description of children’s literature in the unified peninsular that starts with the recognition of ‘Junghwan Bang’.