양전과 토지조사사업의 陳田과 ‘主’ 파악

Abstract

This article shed light on the characteristic of the land register and the cadastre by analyzing the chinchôn(陳田, the fallow land not used for growing crops) and the name of the landholder registered in them. In result, I found there was no significant distinction regarding the characteristic of the chinchôn and the name of the landholder between both land registers in Chosôn and in Kwangmu(1897-1907). Although the chinchôn had similar nature to forests and ponds in a substantial part, out of such land categories it was just the chinchôn that was registered in the land register. This connotes that the people in Chosôn dynasty recognized the chinchôn as the farmland in spite of forests and ponds in reality. What with the real name or what with the name of the household, the name of the landholder was recorded in the land register. It means there was no problem for someone to have the right of the related land even though a dead man became an entry as the name of the landholder. In the eighteenth through the nineteenth centuries, there was no significant problem whether or not which name in the land register was recorded. Whereas, the recognition of the chinchôn in the period of Japanese colonial rule was so different from before. They just judged the land categories such as dry fields, paddies, stream, ditch, forest land with consideration on outward appearance in the cadastral survey. In other words, Japanese Empire just acknowledged the realities in those days when they conducted the cadastral survey. In addition, they stipulated that the people must register the real name of the living as the name of the landholder in the entry of the cadastre unlike the land register in Chosôn dynasty.