노자의 복귀사상

Abstract

The idea of Reversion (復歸思想) is an important issue that runs through the entirety of Lao Tzu's philosophy, including epistemology, ontology, humanism, moralism, and logic (methodology). This paper examines Lao Tzu's idea of Reversion in a comprehensive and systematic way from various fields of philosophy. The premise and starting point of the idea of Reversion is that there is a fundamental archetype, but for some reason, the fundamental archetype has been deviated, and the deviation is abnormal, so the fundamental archetype must return to the origins. “In the book Laotzu, the words related to Reversion are: Fu (復), Gui (歸), Fugui (復歸), and Fan (反) or Fan (返), which all have the same meaning. Lao Tzu's fundamental existence is the Tao. The Tao originally existed by itself without a name, but all things became manifest by separating the Tao and giving it various names. This is the process of civilization, and it is human consciousness that gives names to things. Forgetting how everything got its name, humans become obsessed with the objects that have names. This is where all the detriments of civilization come from. As a result, human purity has been lost, and humans have become increasingly alienated from the natural Tao and Virtue, leading a corrupted life. The way to solve these problems is to realize the Tao. In order to realize the Tao, we must cease our differentiating (diffusing) consciousness and restore the logic of convergent Reversion. Only by stopping the logic of difference that the Tao and all things are different, and embracing the logic that the Tao and all things are inherently the same, we can restore human innocence, cultivate virtue, and become one with nature. Only then can we cut off all the harmful effects of civilization and live a free and happy life.