스페인어 부정맥락에서의 명사선행 부정양화사‘cualquier’와 전칭양화사 ‘todo’의 교호
The Alternation of the Prenominal Indefinte Quantifier ‘Cualquier’ and the Universal Quantifier ‘Todo’ under Negative Context in Spanish
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Real Academia Española(2009)는 부정, 반대 또는 면제의 의미를 표현하는 술어가 출현하는 소위 어휘적 부정의 맥락에서 명사에 선행하는 부정양화사 ‘cualquier’가 최소화 해석유발자로 기능하며(cf. Fauconnier 1975; Horn 1989) 이러한 경우 ‘el más pequeño 또는 la más pequeña’, ‘el más mínimo 또는 la más mínima’ 그리고 이들과 유사한 표현들로 대체가 가능하다고 하였다. 아울러 이러한 경우 양화사 ‘cualquier’는 전칭양화사인 ‘todo/toda’와교호가 가능하다고 기술한다. 본 연구는 양화사 ‘cualquier’가 본유적으로 척도 양보성의 자질을 가짐을 주장하고 이 척도 양보성의 자질은 어휘적 부정의 맥락이 나타나는 화용적 척도상최저점을 의미하므로 이러한 경우 최상급으로 표현이 가능하고 전칭양화적 해석을 가짐에 따라 전칭양화사인 ‘todo/toda’와의 교호가 가능함을 증명하고자 한다.
Abstract
According to Real Academia Española (2009), in combination with the predicates whose meaning expresses negation, opposition or exemption, the prenominal indefinite quantifier ‘cualquier’ functions as a minimizer (cf. Fauconnier 1975; Horn 1989), admitting paraphrases with the expressions like ‘el más pequeño or la más pequeña’, ‘el más mínimo or la más mínima’ and other similar ones. Moreover, in this case the quantifier ‘cualquier’ has the property of substituting for the universal quantifier ‘todo/toda’. The present article aims to show that the quantifier ‘cualquier’ has a inherent scalar concessive feature. We assume that this feature associates with a minimal value on the pragmatic scale of negative predicates and its whole scale can be covered by a superlative form that conveys a universal quantification, compatible with the universal quantifier ‘todo/toda’.
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