Psychotypology in Korean Learners of L3 Spanish: Comparing Perceived Similarity with L1 Korean and L2 English
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This study, based on Kellerman (1983)’s psychotypology, examines how Korean learners of L3 Spanish at different proficiency levels perceive cross-linguistic similarity between previously acquired languages (Korean, English) and the target language. A total of 115 Korean participants rated the similarity between L1-L3 and L2-L3 across five linguistic domains and evaluated the facilitative role of each background language in Spanish acquisition. The results revealed a marked asymmetry between the language pairs: English was considered to be substantially closer to Spanish than Korean in all linguistic domains surveyed, and more facilitative in learning Spanish. Furthermore, no significant correlation between perception and proficiency was found, except for L2-L3 pronunciation which showed a weak negative association. The overall pattern suggests that learners’ perceptions do not systematically vary with proficiency for this particular language triad. The findings of this study highlight the relevance of L3-oriented perspectives for both theory and practice in understanding how Korean learners conceptualize their linguistic repertoire in non-native acquisition of Spanish.
Abstract
This study, based on Kellerman (1983)’s psychotypology, examines how Korean learners of L3 Spanish at different proficiency levels perceive cross-linguistic similarity between previously acquired languages (Korean, English) and the target language. A total of 115 Korean participants rated the similarity between L1-L3 and L2-L3 across five linguistic domains and evaluated the facilitative role of each background language in Spanish acquisition. The results revealed a marked asymmetry between the language pairs: English was considered to be substantially closer to Spanish than Korean in all linguistic domains surveyed, and more facilitative in learning Spanish. Furthermore, no significant correlation between perception and proficiency was found, except for L2-L3 pronunciation which showed a weak negative association. The overall pattern suggests that learners’ perceptions do not systematically vary with proficiency for this particular language triad. The findings of this study highlight the relevance of L3-oriented perspectives for both theory and practice in understanding how Korean learners conceptualize their linguistic repertoire in non-native acquisition of Spanish.