‘중국식 현대화’가 한국에 주는 함의

Abstract

‘Chinese-style modernization’ has established itself as a major term that shows the direction of China in Xi Jinping’s third reign. Xi Jinping said, “Chinese-style modernization is ‘socialist modernization’ led by the Communist Party of China.” And he said, “Smoothly and steadily promoting Chinese-style modernization is the only correct path to building a strong nation and ‘the great rejuvenation of Chinese nation’.” Based on the characteristics of China’s state policy, ‘Chinese-style modernization’ is being carried out specifically in many areas, including China’s security, education, history, culture, ethnicity, and law. In order to succeed in ‘Chinese-style modernization’, the Chinese government is strengthening patriotic education and ‘Chinese national community consciousness education’ for the ‘great revival of the Chinese people’, and emphasizing ‘national security’ and a ‘unified China’. At this time, China’s ‘core interests’ and ‘the concept of the Chinese nation’ are also being discussed. The purpose of this paper is to examine the main contents, development forms, and significance of the ‘Chinese-style modernization’ currently underway in China, as well as the broader implications of ‘Chinese-style modernization’ and its impact on Korea. In this paper, I develop ‘Chinese-style modernization’ in connection with ‘Chinese nation’, ‘cultural confidence’, ‘historical confidence’, ‘the sense of community for the Chinese nation’, ‘core interest’, ‘education policy,’ and ‘unified China’. The research method of this paper is literature research. I organize and analyze the main contents announced in China. And, I will look at how policies and expanded meanings related to ‘Chinese-style modernization’ affect Korea. ‘Chinese-style modernization’ in China is expected to have a great impact on Korea as ‘Chinese nationalism’ is further strengthened and China’s core interests are further emphasized. In particular, it affects Korea’s history, culture, and national identity, and diplomatic conflicts with China may arise in Northeast Asia. In addition, <Law on Foreign Relations of the People’s Republic of China>, the revised <Counterespionage Law of the People’s Republic of China Act>, and <Patriotic Education Law(Draft)>, which are being implemented in China for China’s security, are likely to threaten the safety of Korean businesses, international students, and the Korean. Korea needs to be clear about the implications of ‘Chinese-style modernization’. And Korea needs to understand the implications of ‘the great rejuvenation of chinese nation’, which is along the same lines as ‘Chinese-style modernization’, and the various policies of the Chinese government to realize a socialist modernization. In 2023, at the start of Xi Jinping’s third term in power, the Chinese government is advocating ‘pluralistic unity’ and interpreting the history and culture of the Chinese mainland from the perspective of the Chinese nationalism, who are embedded with patriotism. As ‘Chinese-style modernization’ is taking place during this period, the emphasis on ‘chinese nation’ and ‘chinese culture’ is likely to take on a much stronger Chinese nationalism color than the Chinese nationalism that China displayed after the ‘Northeast process’. Chinese nationalism under Xi Jinping is likely to take on the color of Chinese nationalism as a concept of a single nation through patriotic education and ‘community for the chinese nation’ awareness education. In addition, since ‘Chinese-style modernization’ is likely to further emphasize China’s core interests and national security at a time when national unity and Chinese reunification are increasingly emphasized, Korea will need to have a clear understanding of the scope and content of China’s core interests.